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Neuroanatomical Correlates of Suicide in Psychosis: The Possible Role of von Economo Neurons

Suicide is the most important incident in psychiatric disorders. Psychological pain and empathy to pain involves a neural network that involves the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and the anterior insula (AI). At the neuronal level, little is known about how complex emotions such as shame, guilt, se...

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Autores principales: Brüne, Martin, Schöbel, Andreas, Karau, Ramona, Faustmann, Pedro M., Dermietzel, Rolf, Juckel, Georg, Petrasch-Parwez, Elisabeth
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2011
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3120769/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21731632
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0020936
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author Brüne, Martin
Schöbel, Andreas
Karau, Ramona
Faustmann, Pedro M.
Dermietzel, Rolf
Juckel, Georg
Petrasch-Parwez, Elisabeth
author_facet Brüne, Martin
Schöbel, Andreas
Karau, Ramona
Faustmann, Pedro M.
Dermietzel, Rolf
Juckel, Georg
Petrasch-Parwez, Elisabeth
author_sort Brüne, Martin
collection PubMed
description Suicide is the most important incident in psychiatric disorders. Psychological pain and empathy to pain involves a neural network that involves the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and the anterior insula (AI). At the neuronal level, little is known about how complex emotions such as shame, guilt, self-derogation and social isolation, all of which feature suicidal behavior, are represented in the brain. Based on the observation that the ACC and the AI contain a large spindle-shaped cell type, referred to as von Economo neuron (VEN), which has dramatically increased in density during human evolution, and on growing evidence that VENs play a role in the pathophysiology of various neuropsychiatric disorders, including autism, psychosis and dementia, we examined the density of VENs in the ACC of suicide victims. The density of VENs was determined using cresyl violet-stained sections of the ACC of 39 individuals with psychosis (20 cases with schizophrenia, 19 with bipolar disorder). Nine subjects had died from suicide. Twenty specimen were available from the right, 19 from the left ACC. The density of VENs was significantly greater in the ACC of suicide victims with psychotic disorders compared with psychotic individuals who died from other causes. This effect was restricted to the right ACC. VEN density in the ACC seems to be increased in suicide victims with psychosis. This finding may support the assumption that VEN have a special role in emotion processing and self-evaluation, including negative self-appraisal.
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spelling pubmed-31207692011-06-30 Neuroanatomical Correlates of Suicide in Psychosis: The Possible Role of von Economo Neurons Brüne, Martin Schöbel, Andreas Karau, Ramona Faustmann, Pedro M. Dermietzel, Rolf Juckel, Georg Petrasch-Parwez, Elisabeth PLoS One Research Article Suicide is the most important incident in psychiatric disorders. Psychological pain and empathy to pain involves a neural network that involves the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and the anterior insula (AI). At the neuronal level, little is known about how complex emotions such as shame, guilt, self-derogation and social isolation, all of which feature suicidal behavior, are represented in the brain. Based on the observation that the ACC and the AI contain a large spindle-shaped cell type, referred to as von Economo neuron (VEN), which has dramatically increased in density during human evolution, and on growing evidence that VENs play a role in the pathophysiology of various neuropsychiatric disorders, including autism, psychosis and dementia, we examined the density of VENs in the ACC of suicide victims. The density of VENs was determined using cresyl violet-stained sections of the ACC of 39 individuals with psychosis (20 cases with schizophrenia, 19 with bipolar disorder). Nine subjects had died from suicide. Twenty specimen were available from the right, 19 from the left ACC. The density of VENs was significantly greater in the ACC of suicide victims with psychotic disorders compared with psychotic individuals who died from other causes. This effect was restricted to the right ACC. VEN density in the ACC seems to be increased in suicide victims with psychosis. This finding may support the assumption that VEN have a special role in emotion processing and self-evaluation, including negative self-appraisal. Public Library of Science 2011-06-22 /pmc/articles/PMC3120769/ /pubmed/21731632 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0020936 Text en Brüne et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Brüne, Martin
Schöbel, Andreas
Karau, Ramona
Faustmann, Pedro M.
Dermietzel, Rolf
Juckel, Georg
Petrasch-Parwez, Elisabeth
Neuroanatomical Correlates of Suicide in Psychosis: The Possible Role of von Economo Neurons
title Neuroanatomical Correlates of Suicide in Psychosis: The Possible Role of von Economo Neurons
title_full Neuroanatomical Correlates of Suicide in Psychosis: The Possible Role of von Economo Neurons
title_fullStr Neuroanatomical Correlates of Suicide in Psychosis: The Possible Role of von Economo Neurons
title_full_unstemmed Neuroanatomical Correlates of Suicide in Psychosis: The Possible Role of von Economo Neurons
title_short Neuroanatomical Correlates of Suicide in Psychosis: The Possible Role of von Economo Neurons
title_sort neuroanatomical correlates of suicide in psychosis: the possible role of von economo neurons
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3120769/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21731632
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0020936
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