A Scalable Gene Synthesis Platform Using High-Fidelity DNA Microchips

Development of cheap, high-throughput, and reliable gene synthesis methods will broadly stimulate progress in biology and biotechnology1. Currently, the reliance on column-synthesized oligonucleotides as a source of DNA limits further cost reductions in gene synthesis2. Oligonucleotides from DNA microchips can reduce costs by at least an order of magnitude3,4,5, yet efforts to scale their use have been largely unsuccessful due to the high error rates and complexity of the oligonucleotide mixtures. Here we use high-fidelity DNA microchips, selective oligonucleotide pool amplification, optimized gene assembly protocols, and enzymatic error correction to develop a highly parallel gene synthesis platform. We tested our platform by assembling 47 genes, including 42 challenging therapeutic antibody sequences, encoding a total of ~35 kilo-basepairs of DNA. These assemblies were performed from a complex background containing 13,000 oligonucleotides encoding ~2.5 megabases of DNA, which is at least 50 times larger than previously published attempts.