Microbicides: a new hope for HIV prevention

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), causative agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), is a global health concern. To control its transmission, safe sex has been proposed as one of the strategies. Microbicides- intravaginal/intrarectal topical formulations of anti-HIV agents have also bee...

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Autores principales: Nutan, Gupta, Satish K.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd 2011
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3284102/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22310826
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0971-5916.92639
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author Nutan,
Gupta, Satish K.
author_facet Nutan,
Gupta, Satish K.
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description Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), causative agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), is a global health concern. To control its transmission, safe sex has been proposed as one of the strategies. Microbicides- intravaginal/intrarectal topical formulations of anti-HIV agents have also been proposed to prevent HIV transmission. Microbicides would provide protection by directly inactivating HIV or preventing the attachment, entry or replication of HIV in susceptible target cells as well as their dissemination from target cells present in semen or the host cells lining the vaginal/rectal wall to other migratory cells. Microbicides must be safe, effective following vaginal or rectal administration, and should cause minimal or no genital symptoms or inflammations following long-term repeated usage. However, a safe and efficacious anti-HIV microbicide is not yet available despite the fact that more than 60 candidate agents have been identified to have in vitro activity against HIV, several of which have advanced to clinical testing. Nonetheless, proof-of-concept of microbicides has been established based on the results of recent CAPRISA 004 clinical trials. In this article, the trends and challenges in the development of effective and safe microbicides to combat HIV transmission are reviewed.
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spelling pubmed-32841022012-02-24 Microbicides: a new hope for HIV prevention Nutan, Gupta, Satish K. Indian J Med Res Review Article Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), causative agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), is a global health concern. To control its transmission, safe sex has been proposed as one of the strategies. Microbicides- intravaginal/intrarectal topical formulations of anti-HIV agents have also been proposed to prevent HIV transmission. Microbicides would provide protection by directly inactivating HIV or preventing the attachment, entry or replication of HIV in susceptible target cells as well as their dissemination from target cells present in semen or the host cells lining the vaginal/rectal wall to other migratory cells. Microbicides must be safe, effective following vaginal or rectal administration, and should cause minimal or no genital symptoms or inflammations following long-term repeated usage. However, a safe and efficacious anti-HIV microbicide is not yet available despite the fact that more than 60 candidate agents have been identified to have in vitro activity against HIV, several of which have advanced to clinical testing. Nonetheless, proof-of-concept of microbicides has been established based on the results of recent CAPRISA 004 clinical trials. In this article, the trends and challenges in the development of effective and safe microbicides to combat HIV transmission are reviewed. Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd 2011-12 /pmc/articles/PMC3284102/ /pubmed/22310826 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0971-5916.92639 Text en Copyright: © The Indian Journal of Medical Research http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0 This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Nutan,
Gupta, Satish K.
Microbicides: a new hope for HIV prevention
title Microbicides: a new hope for HIV prevention
title_full Microbicides: a new hope for HIV prevention
title_fullStr Microbicides: a new hope for HIV prevention
title_full_unstemmed Microbicides: a new hope for HIV prevention
title_short Microbicides: a new hope for HIV prevention
title_sort microbicides: a new hope for hiv prevention
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3284102/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22310826
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0971-5916.92639
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