Genetic manipulation of Staphylococci—breaking through the barrier
Most strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis possess a strong restriction barrier that hinders exchange of DNA. Recently, major advances have been made in identifying and characterizing the restriction-modification (RM) systems involved. In particular a novel type IV restrict...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2012
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3417578/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22919640 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2012.00049 |
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author | Monk, Ian R. Foster, Timothy J. |
author_facet | Monk, Ian R. Foster, Timothy J. |
author_sort | Monk, Ian R. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Most strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis possess a strong restriction barrier that hinders exchange of DNA. Recently, major advances have been made in identifying and characterizing the restriction-modification (RM) systems involved. In particular a novel type IV restriction enzyme that recognizes cytosine methylated DNA has been shown to be the major barrier to transfer of plasmid DNA from Escherichia coli into S. aureus and S. epidermidis. While the conserved type I RM system provides a further barrier. Here we review the recent advances in understanding of restriction systems in staphylococci and highlight how this has been exploited to improve our ability to manipulate genetically previously untransformable strains. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3417578 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2012 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-34175782012-08-23 Genetic manipulation of Staphylococci—breaking through the barrier Monk, Ian R. Foster, Timothy J. Front Cell Infect Microbiol Microbiology Most strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis possess a strong restriction barrier that hinders exchange of DNA. Recently, major advances have been made in identifying and characterizing the restriction-modification (RM) systems involved. In particular a novel type IV restriction enzyme that recognizes cytosine methylated DNA has been shown to be the major barrier to transfer of plasmid DNA from Escherichia coli into S. aureus and S. epidermidis. While the conserved type I RM system provides a further barrier. Here we review the recent advances in understanding of restriction systems in staphylococci and highlight how this has been exploited to improve our ability to manipulate genetically previously untransformable strains. Frontiers Media S.A. 2012-04-12 /pmc/articles/PMC3417578/ /pubmed/22919640 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2012.00049 Text en Copyright © 2012 Monk and Foster. http://www.frontiersin.org/licenseagreement This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License, which permits non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in other forums, provided the original authors and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Microbiology Monk, Ian R. Foster, Timothy J. Genetic manipulation of Staphylococci—breaking through the barrier |
title | Genetic manipulation of Staphylococci—breaking through the barrier |
title_full | Genetic manipulation of Staphylococci—breaking through the barrier |
title_fullStr | Genetic manipulation of Staphylococci—breaking through the barrier |
title_full_unstemmed | Genetic manipulation of Staphylococci—breaking through the barrier |
title_short | Genetic manipulation of Staphylococci—breaking through the barrier |
title_sort | genetic manipulation of staphylococci—breaking through the barrier |
topic | Microbiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3417578/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22919640 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2012.00049 |
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