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Safety in glomerular numbers
A low nephron number is, according to Brenner’s hyperfiltration hypothesis, associated with hypertension, glomerular damage and proteinuria, and starts a vicious cycle that ends in renal failure over the long term. Nephron endowment is set during foetal life, and there is no formation of nephrons af...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Springer-Verlag
2012
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3422453/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22532329 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00467-012-2169-x |
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author | Schreuder, Michiel F. |
author_facet | Schreuder, Michiel F. |
author_sort | Schreuder, Michiel F. |
collection | PubMed |
description | A low nephron number is, according to Brenner’s hyperfiltration hypothesis, associated with hypertension, glomerular damage and proteinuria, and starts a vicious cycle that ends in renal failure over the long term. Nephron endowment is set during foetal life, and there is no formation of nephrons after 34–36 weeks of gestation, indicating that many factors before that time-point may have an impact on kidney development and reduce nephron numbers. Such factors include maternal malnutrition, stress, diseases, such as diabetes, uteroplacental insufficiency, maternal and neonatal drugs and premature birth. However, other congenital anomalies, such as renal hypoplasia, unilateral renal agenesis or multicystic dysplastic kidney, may also lead to a reduced nephron endowment, with an increased risk for hypertension, renal dysfunction and the need for renal replacement therapy. This review focusses on the causes and consequences of a low nephron endowment and will illustrate why there is safety in glomerular numbers. • |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3422453 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2012 |
publisher | Springer-Verlag |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-34224532012-08-22 Safety in glomerular numbers Schreuder, Michiel F. Pediatr Nephrol Educational Review A low nephron number is, according to Brenner’s hyperfiltration hypothesis, associated with hypertension, glomerular damage and proteinuria, and starts a vicious cycle that ends in renal failure over the long term. Nephron endowment is set during foetal life, and there is no formation of nephrons after 34–36 weeks of gestation, indicating that many factors before that time-point may have an impact on kidney development and reduce nephron numbers. Such factors include maternal malnutrition, stress, diseases, such as diabetes, uteroplacental insufficiency, maternal and neonatal drugs and premature birth. However, other congenital anomalies, such as renal hypoplasia, unilateral renal agenesis or multicystic dysplastic kidney, may also lead to a reduced nephron endowment, with an increased risk for hypertension, renal dysfunction and the need for renal replacement therapy. This review focusses on the causes and consequences of a low nephron endowment and will illustrate why there is safety in glomerular numbers. • Springer-Verlag 2012-04-25 2012 /pmc/articles/PMC3422453/ /pubmed/22532329 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00467-012-2169-x Text en © The Author(s) 2012 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits any use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and the source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Educational Review Schreuder, Michiel F. Safety in glomerular numbers |
title | Safety in glomerular numbers |
title_full | Safety in glomerular numbers |
title_fullStr | Safety in glomerular numbers |
title_full_unstemmed | Safety in glomerular numbers |
title_short | Safety in glomerular numbers |
title_sort | safety in glomerular numbers |
topic | Educational Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3422453/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22532329 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00467-012-2169-x |
work_keys_str_mv | AT schreudermichielf safetyinglomerularnumbers |