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PDMP induces rapid changes in vacuole morphology in Arabidopsis root cells

PDMP (d-l-threo-1-phenyl-2-decanoyl amino-3-morpholino-1-propanol) is a well-known inhibitor of glucosylceramide synthase (GCS), a key enzyme in sphingolipid biosynthesis. Through the resultant increase in ceramides which interact with mTOR and Beclin1 (Atg6), this drug is also known to induce macro...

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Autores principales: Krüger, Falco, Krebs, Melanie, Viotti, Corrado, Langhans, Markus, Schumacher, Karin, Robinson, David G.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2013
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3542044/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23230024
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/ers345
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author Krüger, Falco
Krebs, Melanie
Viotti, Corrado
Langhans, Markus
Schumacher, Karin
Robinson, David G.
author_facet Krüger, Falco
Krebs, Melanie
Viotti, Corrado
Langhans, Markus
Schumacher, Karin
Robinson, David G.
author_sort Krüger, Falco
collection PubMed
description PDMP (d-l-threo-1-phenyl-2-decanoyl amino-3-morpholino-1-propanol) is a well-known inhibitor of glucosylceramide synthase (GCS), a key enzyme in sphingolipid biosynthesis. Through the resultant increase in ceramides which interact with mTOR and Beclin1 (Atg6), this drug is also known to induce macroautophagy in mammalian cells. This study investigated the response of Arabidopsis root cells to PDMP, and what are probably numerous tightly packed small vacuoles in the control cells appear to fuse to form a single globular-shaped vacuole. However, during this fusion process, cytoplasm channels between the individual vacuoles become trapped in deep invaginations of the tonoplast. In both optical sections in the confocal laser scanning microscope and in ultrathin sections in the electron microscope, these invaginations have the appearance of cytoplasmic inclusions in the vacuole lumen. These changes in vacuole morphology are rapid (occurring within minutes after application of PDMP) and are independent of ongoing protein synthesis. The tonoplast invaginations remain visible for hours, but after 24h almost all disappear. Experiments designed to examine whether ceramide levels might be the cause of the PDMP effect have not proved conclusive. On the other hand, this study has been able to rule out the release of Ca(2+) ions from intracellular stores as a contributing factor.
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spelling pubmed-35420442013-01-11 PDMP induces rapid changes in vacuole morphology in Arabidopsis root cells Krüger, Falco Krebs, Melanie Viotti, Corrado Langhans, Markus Schumacher, Karin Robinson, David G. J Exp Bot Research Paper PDMP (d-l-threo-1-phenyl-2-decanoyl amino-3-morpholino-1-propanol) is a well-known inhibitor of glucosylceramide synthase (GCS), a key enzyme in sphingolipid biosynthesis. Through the resultant increase in ceramides which interact with mTOR and Beclin1 (Atg6), this drug is also known to induce macroautophagy in mammalian cells. This study investigated the response of Arabidopsis root cells to PDMP, and what are probably numerous tightly packed small vacuoles in the control cells appear to fuse to form a single globular-shaped vacuole. However, during this fusion process, cytoplasm channels between the individual vacuoles become trapped in deep invaginations of the tonoplast. In both optical sections in the confocal laser scanning microscope and in ultrathin sections in the electron microscope, these invaginations have the appearance of cytoplasmic inclusions in the vacuole lumen. These changes in vacuole morphology are rapid (occurring within minutes after application of PDMP) and are independent of ongoing protein synthesis. The tonoplast invaginations remain visible for hours, but after 24h almost all disappear. Experiments designed to examine whether ceramide levels might be the cause of the PDMP effect have not proved conclusive. On the other hand, this study has been able to rule out the release of Ca(2+) ions from intracellular stores as a contributing factor. Oxford University Press 2013-01 2012-12-10 /pmc/articles/PMC3542044/ /pubmed/23230024 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/ers345 Text en © 2012 The Authors. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/uk/) which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Paper
Krüger, Falco
Krebs, Melanie
Viotti, Corrado
Langhans, Markus
Schumacher, Karin
Robinson, David G.
PDMP induces rapid changes in vacuole morphology in Arabidopsis root cells
title PDMP induces rapid changes in vacuole morphology in Arabidopsis root cells
title_full PDMP induces rapid changes in vacuole morphology in Arabidopsis root cells
title_fullStr PDMP induces rapid changes in vacuole morphology in Arabidopsis root cells
title_full_unstemmed PDMP induces rapid changes in vacuole morphology in Arabidopsis root cells
title_short PDMP induces rapid changes in vacuole morphology in Arabidopsis root cells
title_sort pdmp induces rapid changes in vacuole morphology in arabidopsis root cells
topic Research Paper
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3542044/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23230024
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/ers345
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