Small interfering RNA-mediated downregulation of β-catenin inhibits invasion and migration of colon cancer cells in vitro

BACKGROUND: Abnormal regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling and subsequently increased β-catenin expression have been found to be involved in the proliferation and growth of colon cancer cells. Whether the down-regulation of β-catenin in colon cancer may result in compromised invasion and migration in vitro still remains to be determined. MATERIAL/METHODS: A human colon cancer cell line (LoVo cells) was transfected with small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting β-catenin. RT-PCR, Western blot assay, flow cytometry, cell adhesion assay, scratch wound assay, and matrigel invasion assay were performed, and the correlation between cell invasion and migration and β-catenin expressions was analyzed. RESULTS: siRNA-mediated down-regulation of β-catenin elevated the E-cadherin expression but reduced the MMP-7 and CD44v6 expressions, which increased the adhesion between LoVo cells but decreased the adhesion of LoVo cells to fibronectin. Significant inhibition of cell invasion and migration was also observed following RNA interference with β-catenin siRNA. CONCLUSIONS: siRNA-mediated downregulation of β-catenin could be valuable for defining gene expression and functional programs downstream of oncogenic β-catenin signals, which, in turn, may be helpful to isolate novel diagnostic markers, and for designing tumor-specific intervention at downstream targets of oncogenic β-catenin.