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Insights into the N-Sulfation Mechanism: Molecular Dynamics Simulations of the N-Sulfotransferase Domain of Ndst1 and Mutants
Sulfation patterns along glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains dictate their functional role. The N-deacetylase N-sulfotransferase family (NDST) catalyzes the initial downstream modification of heparan sulfate and heparin chains by removing acetyl groups from subsets of N-acetylglucosamine units and, subse...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2013
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3733922/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23940657 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0070880 |
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author | Gesteira, Tarsis F. Pol-Fachin, Laércio Coulson-Thomas, Vivien Jane Lima, Marcelo A. Verli, Hugo Nader, Helena B. |
author_facet | Gesteira, Tarsis F. Pol-Fachin, Laércio Coulson-Thomas, Vivien Jane Lima, Marcelo A. Verli, Hugo Nader, Helena B. |
author_sort | Gesteira, Tarsis F. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Sulfation patterns along glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains dictate their functional role. The N-deacetylase N-sulfotransferase family (NDST) catalyzes the initial downstream modification of heparan sulfate and heparin chains by removing acetyl groups from subsets of N-acetylglucosamine units and, subsequently, sulfating the residual free amino groups. These enzymes transfer the sulfuryl group from 3′-phosphoadenosine-5′-phosphosulfate (PAPS), yielding sulfated sugar chains and 3′-phosphoadenosine-5′-phosphate (PAP). For the N-sulfotransferase domain of NDST1, Lys833 has been implicated to play a role in holding the substrate glycan moiety close to the PAPS cofactor. Additionally, Lys833 together with His716 interact with the sulfonate group, stabilizing the transition state. Such a role seems to be shared by Lys614 through donation of a proton to the bridging oxygen of the cofactor, thereby acting as a catalytic acid. However, the relevance of these boundary residues at the hydrophobic cleft is still unclear. Moreover, whether Lys833, His716 and Lys614 play a role in both glycan recognition and glycan sulfation remains elusive. In this study we evaluate the contribution of NDST mutants (Lys833, His716 and Lys614) to dynamical effects during sulfate transfer using comprehensive combined docking and essential dynamics. In addition, the binding location of the glycan moiety, PAPS and PAP within the active site of NDST1 throughout the sulfate transfer were determined by intermediate state analysis. Furthermore, NDST1 mutants unveiled Lys833 as vital for both the glycan binding and subsequent N-sulfotransferase activity of NDST1. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3733922 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2013 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-37339222013-08-12 Insights into the N-Sulfation Mechanism: Molecular Dynamics Simulations of the N-Sulfotransferase Domain of Ndst1 and Mutants Gesteira, Tarsis F. Pol-Fachin, Laércio Coulson-Thomas, Vivien Jane Lima, Marcelo A. Verli, Hugo Nader, Helena B. PLoS One Research Article Sulfation patterns along glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains dictate their functional role. The N-deacetylase N-sulfotransferase family (NDST) catalyzes the initial downstream modification of heparan sulfate and heparin chains by removing acetyl groups from subsets of N-acetylglucosamine units and, subsequently, sulfating the residual free amino groups. These enzymes transfer the sulfuryl group from 3′-phosphoadenosine-5′-phosphosulfate (PAPS), yielding sulfated sugar chains and 3′-phosphoadenosine-5′-phosphate (PAP). For the N-sulfotransferase domain of NDST1, Lys833 has been implicated to play a role in holding the substrate glycan moiety close to the PAPS cofactor. Additionally, Lys833 together with His716 interact with the sulfonate group, stabilizing the transition state. Such a role seems to be shared by Lys614 through donation of a proton to the bridging oxygen of the cofactor, thereby acting as a catalytic acid. However, the relevance of these boundary residues at the hydrophobic cleft is still unclear. Moreover, whether Lys833, His716 and Lys614 play a role in both glycan recognition and glycan sulfation remains elusive. In this study we evaluate the contribution of NDST mutants (Lys833, His716 and Lys614) to dynamical effects during sulfate transfer using comprehensive combined docking and essential dynamics. In addition, the binding location of the glycan moiety, PAPS and PAP within the active site of NDST1 throughout the sulfate transfer were determined by intermediate state analysis. Furthermore, NDST1 mutants unveiled Lys833 as vital for both the glycan binding and subsequent N-sulfotransferase activity of NDST1. Public Library of Science 2013-08-05 /pmc/articles/PMC3733922/ /pubmed/23940657 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0070880 Text en © 2013 Gesteira et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Gesteira, Tarsis F. Pol-Fachin, Laércio Coulson-Thomas, Vivien Jane Lima, Marcelo A. Verli, Hugo Nader, Helena B. Insights into the N-Sulfation Mechanism: Molecular Dynamics Simulations of the N-Sulfotransferase Domain of Ndst1 and Mutants |
title | Insights into the N-Sulfation Mechanism: Molecular Dynamics Simulations of the N-Sulfotransferase Domain of Ndst1 and Mutants |
title_full | Insights into the N-Sulfation Mechanism: Molecular Dynamics Simulations of the N-Sulfotransferase Domain of Ndst1 and Mutants |
title_fullStr | Insights into the N-Sulfation Mechanism: Molecular Dynamics Simulations of the N-Sulfotransferase Domain of Ndst1 and Mutants |
title_full_unstemmed | Insights into the N-Sulfation Mechanism: Molecular Dynamics Simulations of the N-Sulfotransferase Domain of Ndst1 and Mutants |
title_short | Insights into the N-Sulfation Mechanism: Molecular Dynamics Simulations of the N-Sulfotransferase Domain of Ndst1 and Mutants |
title_sort | insights into the n-sulfation mechanism: molecular dynamics simulations of the n-sulfotransferase domain of ndst1 and mutants |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3733922/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23940657 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0070880 |
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