Seeing the talker’s face supports executive processing of speech in steady state noise
Listening to speech in noise depletes cognitive resources, affecting speech processing. The present study investigated how remaining resources or cognitive spare capacity (CSC) can be deployed by young adults with normal hearing. We administered a test of CSC (CSCT; Mishra et al., 2013) along with a...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2013
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3840300/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24324411 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnsys.2013.00096 |
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author | Mishra, Sushmit Lunner, Thomas Stenfelt, Stefan Rönnberg, Jerker Rudner, Mary |
author_facet | Mishra, Sushmit Lunner, Thomas Stenfelt, Stefan Rönnberg, Jerker Rudner, Mary |
author_sort | Mishra, Sushmit |
collection | PubMed |
description | Listening to speech in noise depletes cognitive resources, affecting speech processing. The present study investigated how remaining resources or cognitive spare capacity (CSC) can be deployed by young adults with normal hearing. We administered a test of CSC (CSCT; Mishra et al., 2013) along with a battery of established cognitive tests to 20 participants with normal hearing. In the CSCT, lists of two-digit numbers were presented with and without visual cues in quiet, as well as in steady-state and speech-like noise at a high intelligibility level. In low load conditions, two numbers were recalled according to instructions inducing executive processing (updating, inhibition) and in high load conditions the participants were additionally instructed to recall one extra number, which was the always the first item in the list. In line with previous findings, results showed that CSC was sensitive to memory load and executive function but generally not related to working memory capacity (WMC). Furthermore, CSCT scores in quiet were lowered by visual cues, probably due to distraction. In steady-state noise, the presence of visual cues improved CSCT scores, probably by enabling better encoding. Contrary to our expectation, CSCT performance was disrupted more in steady-state than speech-like noise, although only without visual cues, possibly because selective attention could be used to ignore the speech-like background and provide an enriched representation of target items in working memory similar to that obtained in quiet. This interpretation is supported by a consistent association between CSCT scores and updating skills. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3840300 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2013 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-38403002013-12-09 Seeing the talker’s face supports executive processing of speech in steady state noise Mishra, Sushmit Lunner, Thomas Stenfelt, Stefan Rönnberg, Jerker Rudner, Mary Front Syst Neurosci Neuroscience Listening to speech in noise depletes cognitive resources, affecting speech processing. The present study investigated how remaining resources or cognitive spare capacity (CSC) can be deployed by young adults with normal hearing. We administered a test of CSC (CSCT; Mishra et al., 2013) along with a battery of established cognitive tests to 20 participants with normal hearing. In the CSCT, lists of two-digit numbers were presented with and without visual cues in quiet, as well as in steady-state and speech-like noise at a high intelligibility level. In low load conditions, two numbers were recalled according to instructions inducing executive processing (updating, inhibition) and in high load conditions the participants were additionally instructed to recall one extra number, which was the always the first item in the list. In line with previous findings, results showed that CSC was sensitive to memory load and executive function but generally not related to working memory capacity (WMC). Furthermore, CSCT scores in quiet were lowered by visual cues, probably due to distraction. In steady-state noise, the presence of visual cues improved CSCT scores, probably by enabling better encoding. Contrary to our expectation, CSCT performance was disrupted more in steady-state than speech-like noise, although only without visual cues, possibly because selective attention could be used to ignore the speech-like background and provide an enriched representation of target items in working memory similar to that obtained in quiet. This interpretation is supported by a consistent association between CSCT scores and updating skills. Frontiers Media S.A. 2013-11-26 /pmc/articles/PMC3840300/ /pubmed/24324411 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnsys.2013.00096 Text en Copyright © 2013 Mishra, Lunner, Stenfelt, Rönnberg and Rudner. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Neuroscience Mishra, Sushmit Lunner, Thomas Stenfelt, Stefan Rönnberg, Jerker Rudner, Mary Seeing the talker’s face supports executive processing of speech in steady state noise |
title | Seeing the talker’s face supports executive processing of speech in steady state noise |
title_full | Seeing the talker’s face supports executive processing of speech in steady state noise |
title_fullStr | Seeing the talker’s face supports executive processing of speech in steady state noise |
title_full_unstemmed | Seeing the talker’s face supports executive processing of speech in steady state noise |
title_short | Seeing the talker’s face supports executive processing of speech in steady state noise |
title_sort | seeing the talker’s face supports executive processing of speech in steady state noise |
topic | Neuroscience |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3840300/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24324411 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnsys.2013.00096 |
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