Pulmonary responses in current smokers and ex-smokers following a two hour exposure at rest to clean air and fine ambient air particles
BACKGROUND: Increased susceptibility of smokers to ambient PM may potentially promote development of COPD and accelerate already present disease. OBJECTIVES: To characterize the acute and subacute lung function response and inflammatory effects of controlled chamber exposure to concentrated ambient...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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BioMed Central
2013
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3842765/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24245863 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1743-8977-10-58 |
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author | Hazucha, Milan J Bromberg, Philip A Lay, John C Bennett, William Zeman, Kirby Alexis, Neil E Kehrl, Howard Rappold, Ana G Cascio, Wayne E Devlin, Robert B |
author_facet | Hazucha, Milan J Bromberg, Philip A Lay, John C Bennett, William Zeman, Kirby Alexis, Neil E Kehrl, Howard Rappold, Ana G Cascio, Wayne E Devlin, Robert B |
author_sort | Hazucha, Milan J |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Increased susceptibility of smokers to ambient PM may potentially promote development of COPD and accelerate already present disease. OBJECTIVES: To characterize the acute and subacute lung function response and inflammatory effects of controlled chamber exposure to concentrated ambient fine particles (CAFP) with MMAD ≤ 2.5 microns in ex-smokers and lifetime smokers. METHODS: Eleven subjects, aged 35–74 years, came to the laboratory 5 times; a training day and two exposure days separated by at least 3 weeks, each with a post-exposure visit 22 h later. Double-blind and counterbalanced exposures to “clean air” (mean 1.5 ± 0.6 μg/m(3)) or CAFP (mean 108.7 ± 24.8 μg/m(3) ) lasted 2 h with subjects at rest. RESULTS: At 3 h post-exposure subjects’ DTPA clearance half-time significantly increased by 6.3 min per 100 μg/m(3) of CAFP relative to “clean air”. At 22 h post-exposure they showed significant reduction of 4.3% per 100 μg/m(3) in FEV(1) and a significant D(L)CO decrease by 11.1% per 100 μg/m(3) of CAFP relative to “clean air”. At both 3 h and 22 h the HDL cholesterol level significantly decreased by 4.5% and 4.1%, respectively. Other blood chemistries and markers of lung injury, inflammation and procoagulant activity were within the normal range of values at any condition. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that an acute 2 h resting exposure of smokers and ex-smokers to fine ambient particulate matter may transiently affect pulmonary function (spirometry and D(L)CO) and increase DTPA clearance half-time. Except for a post exposure decrease in HDL no other markers of pulmonary inflammation, prothrombotic activity and lung injury were significantly affected under the conditions of exposure. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3842765 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2013 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-38427652013-11-29 Pulmonary responses in current smokers and ex-smokers following a two hour exposure at rest to clean air and fine ambient air particles Hazucha, Milan J Bromberg, Philip A Lay, John C Bennett, William Zeman, Kirby Alexis, Neil E Kehrl, Howard Rappold, Ana G Cascio, Wayne E Devlin, Robert B Part Fibre Toxicol Research BACKGROUND: Increased susceptibility of smokers to ambient PM may potentially promote development of COPD and accelerate already present disease. OBJECTIVES: To characterize the acute and subacute lung function response and inflammatory effects of controlled chamber exposure to concentrated ambient fine particles (CAFP) with MMAD ≤ 2.5 microns in ex-smokers and lifetime smokers. METHODS: Eleven subjects, aged 35–74 years, came to the laboratory 5 times; a training day and two exposure days separated by at least 3 weeks, each with a post-exposure visit 22 h later. Double-blind and counterbalanced exposures to “clean air” (mean 1.5 ± 0.6 μg/m(3)) or CAFP (mean 108.7 ± 24.8 μg/m(3) ) lasted 2 h with subjects at rest. RESULTS: At 3 h post-exposure subjects’ DTPA clearance half-time significantly increased by 6.3 min per 100 μg/m(3) of CAFP relative to “clean air”. At 22 h post-exposure they showed significant reduction of 4.3% per 100 μg/m(3) in FEV(1) and a significant D(L)CO decrease by 11.1% per 100 μg/m(3) of CAFP relative to “clean air”. At both 3 h and 22 h the HDL cholesterol level significantly decreased by 4.5% and 4.1%, respectively. Other blood chemistries and markers of lung injury, inflammation and procoagulant activity were within the normal range of values at any condition. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that an acute 2 h resting exposure of smokers and ex-smokers to fine ambient particulate matter may transiently affect pulmonary function (spirometry and D(L)CO) and increase DTPA clearance half-time. Except for a post exposure decrease in HDL no other markers of pulmonary inflammation, prothrombotic activity and lung injury were significantly affected under the conditions of exposure. BioMed Central 2013-11-18 /pmc/articles/PMC3842765/ /pubmed/24245863 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1743-8977-10-58 Text en Copyright © 2013 Hazucha et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Hazucha, Milan J Bromberg, Philip A Lay, John C Bennett, William Zeman, Kirby Alexis, Neil E Kehrl, Howard Rappold, Ana G Cascio, Wayne E Devlin, Robert B Pulmonary responses in current smokers and ex-smokers following a two hour exposure at rest to clean air and fine ambient air particles |
title | Pulmonary responses in current smokers and ex-smokers following a two hour exposure at rest to clean air and fine ambient air particles |
title_full | Pulmonary responses in current smokers and ex-smokers following a two hour exposure at rest to clean air and fine ambient air particles |
title_fullStr | Pulmonary responses in current smokers and ex-smokers following a two hour exposure at rest to clean air and fine ambient air particles |
title_full_unstemmed | Pulmonary responses in current smokers and ex-smokers following a two hour exposure at rest to clean air and fine ambient air particles |
title_short | Pulmonary responses in current smokers and ex-smokers following a two hour exposure at rest to clean air and fine ambient air particles |
title_sort | pulmonary responses in current smokers and ex-smokers following a two hour exposure at rest to clean air and fine ambient air particles |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3842765/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24245863 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1743-8977-10-58 |
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