Cargando…
Impact of pH on the Stability and the Cross-Reactivity of Ochratoxin A and Citrinin
Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by several fungi contaminating crops. In several countries, the maximum permitted levels of mycotoxins are found in foodstuffs and feedstuffs. The common strategy of mycotoxin analysis involves extraction, clean-up and quantification by chromatography. I...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2013
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3873688/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24287570 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins5122324 |
_version_ | 1782297139514179584 |
---|---|
author | Bazin, Ingrid Faucet-Marquis, Virginie Monje, Marie-Carmen El Khoury, Micheline Marty, Jean-Louis Pfohl-Leszkowicz, Annie |
author_facet | Bazin, Ingrid Faucet-Marquis, Virginie Monje, Marie-Carmen El Khoury, Micheline Marty, Jean-Louis Pfohl-Leszkowicz, Annie |
author_sort | Bazin, Ingrid |
collection | PubMed |
description | Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by several fungi contaminating crops. In several countries, the maximum permitted levels of mycotoxins are found in foodstuffs and feedstuffs. The common strategy of mycotoxin analysis involves extraction, clean-up and quantification by chromatography. In this paper, we analyzed the reasons of underestimation of ochratoxin A (OTA) content in wine, and overestimation of OTA in wheat, depending on the pH of the clean-up step and the simultaneous presence of citrinin (CIT). We demonstrated that the increase of pH by adding polyethylene glycol (PEG) to wine led to an underestimation of OTA by conversion of OTA into open ring ochratoxin A OP-OA. In comparing three methods of extraction and clean-up for the determination of OTA and CIT in wheat—(i) an inter-laboratory validated method for OTA in cereals using immunoaffinity column clean-up (IAC) and extraction by acetonitrile/water; (ii) a validated method using IAC and extraction with 1% bicarbonate Na; and (iii) an in-house validated method based on acid liquid/liquid extraction—we observed an overestimation of OTA after immunoaffinity clean-up when CIT is also present in the sample, whereas an underestimation was observed when OTA was alone. Under neutral and alkaline conditions, CIT was partially recognized by OTA antibodies. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3873688 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2013 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-38736882013-12-27 Impact of pH on the Stability and the Cross-Reactivity of Ochratoxin A and Citrinin Bazin, Ingrid Faucet-Marquis, Virginie Monje, Marie-Carmen El Khoury, Micheline Marty, Jean-Louis Pfohl-Leszkowicz, Annie Toxins (Basel) Article Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by several fungi contaminating crops. In several countries, the maximum permitted levels of mycotoxins are found in foodstuffs and feedstuffs. The common strategy of mycotoxin analysis involves extraction, clean-up and quantification by chromatography. In this paper, we analyzed the reasons of underestimation of ochratoxin A (OTA) content in wine, and overestimation of OTA in wheat, depending on the pH of the clean-up step and the simultaneous presence of citrinin (CIT). We demonstrated that the increase of pH by adding polyethylene glycol (PEG) to wine led to an underestimation of OTA by conversion of OTA into open ring ochratoxin A OP-OA. In comparing three methods of extraction and clean-up for the determination of OTA and CIT in wheat—(i) an inter-laboratory validated method for OTA in cereals using immunoaffinity column clean-up (IAC) and extraction by acetonitrile/water; (ii) a validated method using IAC and extraction with 1% bicarbonate Na; and (iii) an in-house validated method based on acid liquid/liquid extraction—we observed an overestimation of OTA after immunoaffinity clean-up when CIT is also present in the sample, whereas an underestimation was observed when OTA was alone. Under neutral and alkaline conditions, CIT was partially recognized by OTA antibodies. MDPI 2013-11-28 /pmc/articles/PMC3873688/ /pubmed/24287570 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins5122324 Text en © 2013 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Bazin, Ingrid Faucet-Marquis, Virginie Monje, Marie-Carmen El Khoury, Micheline Marty, Jean-Louis Pfohl-Leszkowicz, Annie Impact of pH on the Stability and the Cross-Reactivity of Ochratoxin A and Citrinin |
title | Impact of pH on the Stability and the Cross-Reactivity of Ochratoxin A and Citrinin |
title_full | Impact of pH on the Stability and the Cross-Reactivity of Ochratoxin A and Citrinin |
title_fullStr | Impact of pH on the Stability and the Cross-Reactivity of Ochratoxin A and Citrinin |
title_full_unstemmed | Impact of pH on the Stability and the Cross-Reactivity of Ochratoxin A and Citrinin |
title_short | Impact of pH on the Stability and the Cross-Reactivity of Ochratoxin A and Citrinin |
title_sort | impact of ph on the stability and the cross-reactivity of ochratoxin a and citrinin |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3873688/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24287570 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins5122324 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT baziningrid impactofphonthestabilityandthecrossreactivityofochratoxinaandcitrinin AT faucetmarquisvirginie impactofphonthestabilityandthecrossreactivityofochratoxinaandcitrinin AT monjemariecarmen impactofphonthestabilityandthecrossreactivityofochratoxinaandcitrinin AT elkhourymicheline impactofphonthestabilityandthecrossreactivityofochratoxinaandcitrinin AT martyjeanlouis impactofphonthestabilityandthecrossreactivityofochratoxinaandcitrinin AT pfohlleszkowiczannie impactofphonthestabilityandthecrossreactivityofochratoxinaandcitrinin |