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The Dopaminergic System in Autoimmune Diseases

Bidirectional interactions between the immune and the nervous systems are of considerable interest both for deciphering their functioning and for designing novel therapeutic strategies. The past decade has brought a burst of insights into the molecular mechanisms involved in neuroimmune communicatio...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Pacheco, Rodrigo, Contreras, Francisco, Zouali, Moncef
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3968755/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24711809
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2014.00117
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author Pacheco, Rodrigo
Contreras, Francisco
Zouali, Moncef
author_facet Pacheco, Rodrigo
Contreras, Francisco
Zouali, Moncef
author_sort Pacheco, Rodrigo
collection PubMed
description Bidirectional interactions between the immune and the nervous systems are of considerable interest both for deciphering their functioning and for designing novel therapeutic strategies. The past decade has brought a burst of insights into the molecular mechanisms involved in neuroimmune communications mediated by dopamine. Studies of dendritic cells (DCs) revealed that they express the whole machinery to synthesize and store dopamine, which may act in an autocrine manner to stimulate dopamine receptors (DARs). Depending on specific DARs stimulated on DCs and T cells, dopamine may differentially favor CD4(+) T cell differentiation into Th1 or Th17 inflammatory cells. Regulatory T cells can also release high amounts of dopamine that acts in an autocrine DAR-mediated manner to inhibit their suppressive activity. These dopaminergic regulations could represent a driving force during autoimmunity. Indeed, dopamine levels are altered in the brain of mouse models of multiple sclerosis (MS) and lupus, and in inflamed tissues of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases or rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The distorted expression of DARs in peripheral lymphocytes of lupus and MS patients also supports the importance of dopaminergic regulations in autoimmunity. Moreover, dopamine analogs had beneficial therapeutic effects in animal models, and in patients with lupus or RA. We propose models that may underlie key roles of dopamine and its receptors in autoimmune diseases.
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spelling pubmed-39687552014-04-07 The Dopaminergic System in Autoimmune Diseases Pacheco, Rodrigo Contreras, Francisco Zouali, Moncef Front Immunol Immunology Bidirectional interactions between the immune and the nervous systems are of considerable interest both for deciphering their functioning and for designing novel therapeutic strategies. The past decade has brought a burst of insights into the molecular mechanisms involved in neuroimmune communications mediated by dopamine. Studies of dendritic cells (DCs) revealed that they express the whole machinery to synthesize and store dopamine, which may act in an autocrine manner to stimulate dopamine receptors (DARs). Depending on specific DARs stimulated on DCs and T cells, dopamine may differentially favor CD4(+) T cell differentiation into Th1 or Th17 inflammatory cells. Regulatory T cells can also release high amounts of dopamine that acts in an autocrine DAR-mediated manner to inhibit their suppressive activity. These dopaminergic regulations could represent a driving force during autoimmunity. Indeed, dopamine levels are altered in the brain of mouse models of multiple sclerosis (MS) and lupus, and in inflamed tissues of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases or rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The distorted expression of DARs in peripheral lymphocytes of lupus and MS patients also supports the importance of dopaminergic regulations in autoimmunity. Moreover, dopamine analogs had beneficial therapeutic effects in animal models, and in patients with lupus or RA. We propose models that may underlie key roles of dopamine and its receptors in autoimmune diseases. Frontiers Media S.A. 2014-03-21 /pmc/articles/PMC3968755/ /pubmed/24711809 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2014.00117 Text en Copyright © 2014 Pacheco, Contreras and Zouali. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
Pacheco, Rodrigo
Contreras, Francisco
Zouali, Moncef
The Dopaminergic System in Autoimmune Diseases
title The Dopaminergic System in Autoimmune Diseases
title_full The Dopaminergic System in Autoimmune Diseases
title_fullStr The Dopaminergic System in Autoimmune Diseases
title_full_unstemmed The Dopaminergic System in Autoimmune Diseases
title_short The Dopaminergic System in Autoimmune Diseases
title_sort dopaminergic system in autoimmune diseases
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3968755/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24711809
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2014.00117
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