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The Dopaminergic System in Autoimmune Diseases
Bidirectional interactions between the immune and the nervous systems are of considerable interest both for deciphering their functioning and for designing novel therapeutic strategies. The past decade has brought a burst of insights into the molecular mechanisms involved in neuroimmune communicatio...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2014
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3968755/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24711809 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2014.00117 |
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author | Pacheco, Rodrigo Contreras, Francisco Zouali, Moncef |
author_facet | Pacheco, Rodrigo Contreras, Francisco Zouali, Moncef |
author_sort | Pacheco, Rodrigo |
collection | PubMed |
description | Bidirectional interactions between the immune and the nervous systems are of considerable interest both for deciphering their functioning and for designing novel therapeutic strategies. The past decade has brought a burst of insights into the molecular mechanisms involved in neuroimmune communications mediated by dopamine. Studies of dendritic cells (DCs) revealed that they express the whole machinery to synthesize and store dopamine, which may act in an autocrine manner to stimulate dopamine receptors (DARs). Depending on specific DARs stimulated on DCs and T cells, dopamine may differentially favor CD4(+) T cell differentiation into Th1 or Th17 inflammatory cells. Regulatory T cells can also release high amounts of dopamine that acts in an autocrine DAR-mediated manner to inhibit their suppressive activity. These dopaminergic regulations could represent a driving force during autoimmunity. Indeed, dopamine levels are altered in the brain of mouse models of multiple sclerosis (MS) and lupus, and in inflamed tissues of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases or rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The distorted expression of DARs in peripheral lymphocytes of lupus and MS patients also supports the importance of dopaminergic regulations in autoimmunity. Moreover, dopamine analogs had beneficial therapeutic effects in animal models, and in patients with lupus or RA. We propose models that may underlie key roles of dopamine and its receptors in autoimmune diseases. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3968755 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-39687552014-04-07 The Dopaminergic System in Autoimmune Diseases Pacheco, Rodrigo Contreras, Francisco Zouali, Moncef Front Immunol Immunology Bidirectional interactions between the immune and the nervous systems are of considerable interest both for deciphering their functioning and for designing novel therapeutic strategies. The past decade has brought a burst of insights into the molecular mechanisms involved in neuroimmune communications mediated by dopamine. Studies of dendritic cells (DCs) revealed that they express the whole machinery to synthesize and store dopamine, which may act in an autocrine manner to stimulate dopamine receptors (DARs). Depending on specific DARs stimulated on DCs and T cells, dopamine may differentially favor CD4(+) T cell differentiation into Th1 or Th17 inflammatory cells. Regulatory T cells can also release high amounts of dopamine that acts in an autocrine DAR-mediated manner to inhibit their suppressive activity. These dopaminergic regulations could represent a driving force during autoimmunity. Indeed, dopamine levels are altered in the brain of mouse models of multiple sclerosis (MS) and lupus, and in inflamed tissues of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases or rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The distorted expression of DARs in peripheral lymphocytes of lupus and MS patients also supports the importance of dopaminergic regulations in autoimmunity. Moreover, dopamine analogs had beneficial therapeutic effects in animal models, and in patients with lupus or RA. We propose models that may underlie key roles of dopamine and its receptors in autoimmune diseases. Frontiers Media S.A. 2014-03-21 /pmc/articles/PMC3968755/ /pubmed/24711809 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2014.00117 Text en Copyright © 2014 Pacheco, Contreras and Zouali. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Immunology Pacheco, Rodrigo Contreras, Francisco Zouali, Moncef The Dopaminergic System in Autoimmune Diseases |
title | The Dopaminergic System in Autoimmune Diseases |
title_full | The Dopaminergic System in Autoimmune Diseases |
title_fullStr | The Dopaminergic System in Autoimmune Diseases |
title_full_unstemmed | The Dopaminergic System in Autoimmune Diseases |
title_short | The Dopaminergic System in Autoimmune Diseases |
title_sort | dopaminergic system in autoimmune diseases |
topic | Immunology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3968755/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24711809 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2014.00117 |
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