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DNA methylation dynamics during epigenetic reprogramming in the germline and preimplantation embryos
Methylation of DNA is an essential epigenetic control mechanism in mammals. During embryonic development, cells are directed toward their future lineages, and DNA methylation poses a fundamental epigenetic barrier that guides and restricts differentiation and prevents regression into an undifferenti...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
2014
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4003274/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24736841 http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/gad.234294.113 |
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author | Messerschmidt, Daniel M. Knowles, Barbara B. Solter, Davor |
author_facet | Messerschmidt, Daniel M. Knowles, Barbara B. Solter, Davor |
author_sort | Messerschmidt, Daniel M. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Methylation of DNA is an essential epigenetic control mechanism in mammals. During embryonic development, cells are directed toward their future lineages, and DNA methylation poses a fundamental epigenetic barrier that guides and restricts differentiation and prevents regression into an undifferentiated state. DNA methylation also plays an important role in sex chromosome dosage compensation, the repression of retrotransposons that threaten genome integrity, the maintenance of genome stability, and the coordinated expression of imprinted genes. However, DNA methylation marks must be globally removed to allow for sexual reproduction and the adoption of the specialized, hypomethylated epigenome of the primordial germ cell and the preimplantation embryo. Recent technological advances in genome-wide DNA methylation analysis and the functional description of novel enzymatic DNA demethylation pathways have provided significant insights into the molecular processes that prepare the mammalian embryo for normal development. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4003274 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-40032742014-10-15 DNA methylation dynamics during epigenetic reprogramming in the germline and preimplantation embryos Messerschmidt, Daniel M. Knowles, Barbara B. Solter, Davor Genes Dev Review Methylation of DNA is an essential epigenetic control mechanism in mammals. During embryonic development, cells are directed toward their future lineages, and DNA methylation poses a fundamental epigenetic barrier that guides and restricts differentiation and prevents regression into an undifferentiated state. DNA methylation also plays an important role in sex chromosome dosage compensation, the repression of retrotransposons that threaten genome integrity, the maintenance of genome stability, and the coordinated expression of imprinted genes. However, DNA methylation marks must be globally removed to allow for sexual reproduction and the adoption of the specialized, hypomethylated epigenome of the primordial germ cell and the preimplantation embryo. Recent technological advances in genome-wide DNA methylation analysis and the functional description of novel enzymatic DNA demethylation pathways have provided significant insights into the molecular processes that prepare the mammalian embryo for normal development. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press 2014-04-15 /pmc/articles/PMC4003274/ /pubmed/24736841 http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/gad.234294.113 Text en © 2014 Messerschmidt et al.; Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This article is distributed exclusively by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press for the first six months after the full-issue publication date (see http://genesdev.cshlp.org/site/misc/terms.xhtml). After six months, it is available under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International), as described at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/. |
spellingShingle | Review Messerschmidt, Daniel M. Knowles, Barbara B. Solter, Davor DNA methylation dynamics during epigenetic reprogramming in the germline and preimplantation embryos |
title | DNA methylation dynamics during epigenetic reprogramming in the germline and preimplantation embryos |
title_full | DNA methylation dynamics during epigenetic reprogramming in the germline and preimplantation embryos |
title_fullStr | DNA methylation dynamics during epigenetic reprogramming in the germline and preimplantation embryos |
title_full_unstemmed | DNA methylation dynamics during epigenetic reprogramming in the germline and preimplantation embryos |
title_short | DNA methylation dynamics during epigenetic reprogramming in the germline and preimplantation embryos |
title_sort | dna methylation dynamics during epigenetic reprogramming in the germline and preimplantation embryos |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4003274/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24736841 http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/gad.234294.113 |
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