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Gene profiling suggests a common evolution of bladder cancer subtypes

BACKGROUND: Bladder cancer exists as several distinct subtypes, including urothelial carcinoma (UCa), squamous cell carcinoma (SCCa), adenocarcinoma and small cell carcinoma. These entities, despite showing distinct morphology and clinical behavior, arise from the urothelial lining and are often acc...

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Autores principales: Hansel, Donna E, Zhang, Zhongfa, Petillo, David, Teh, Bin T
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2013
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4015777/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24134934
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1755-8794-6-42
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author Hansel, Donna E
Zhang, Zhongfa
Petillo, David
Teh, Bin T
author_facet Hansel, Donna E
Zhang, Zhongfa
Petillo, David
Teh, Bin T
author_sort Hansel, Donna E
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Bladder cancer exists as several distinct subtypes, including urothelial carcinoma (UCa), squamous cell carcinoma (SCCa), adenocarcinoma and small cell carcinoma. These entities, despite showing distinct morphology and clinical behavior, arise from the urothelial lining and are often accompanied by similar precursor/in situ findings. The relationship between these subtypes has not been explored in detail. METHODS: We compared gene expression analysis of the two most common subtypes of bladder cancer, UCa (n = 10) and SCCa (n = 9), with an additional comparison to normal urothelium from non-cancer patients (n = 8) using Affymetrix GeneChip Human genome arrays (Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA). The results were stratified by supervised and unsupervised clustering analysis, as well as by overall fold change in gene expression. RESULTS: When compared to normal urothelium, UCa showed differential expression of 155 genes using a 5-fold cut-off. Examples of differentially regulated genes included topoisomerases, cancer-related transcription factors and cell cycle mediators. A second comparison of normal urothelium to SCCa showed differential expression of 503 genes, many of which were related to squamous-specific morphology (desmosomal complex, intermediate filaments present within squamous epithelium, squamous cornifying proteins, and molecules upregulated in squamous carcinomas from other anatomic sites). When compared, 137 genes were commonly dysregulated in both UCa and SCCa as compared to normal urothelium. All dysregulated genes in UCa were shared in common with SCCa, with the exception of only 18 genes. Supervised clustering analysis yielded correct classification of lesions in 26/27 (96%) of cases and unsupervised clustering analysis yielded correct classification in 25/27 (92.6%) of cases. CONCLUSIONS: The results from this analysis suggest that bladder SCCa shares a significant number of gene expression changes with conventional UCa, but also demonstrates an additional set of alterations that is unique to this entity that defines the squamous phenotype. The similarity in deregulated gene products suggests that SCCa may be a much more closely related entity at the molecular level to conventional UCa than previously hypothesized.
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spelling pubmed-40157772014-05-10 Gene profiling suggests a common evolution of bladder cancer subtypes Hansel, Donna E Zhang, Zhongfa Petillo, David Teh, Bin T BMC Med Genomics Research Article BACKGROUND: Bladder cancer exists as several distinct subtypes, including urothelial carcinoma (UCa), squamous cell carcinoma (SCCa), adenocarcinoma and small cell carcinoma. These entities, despite showing distinct morphology and clinical behavior, arise from the urothelial lining and are often accompanied by similar precursor/in situ findings. The relationship between these subtypes has not been explored in detail. METHODS: We compared gene expression analysis of the two most common subtypes of bladder cancer, UCa (n = 10) and SCCa (n = 9), with an additional comparison to normal urothelium from non-cancer patients (n = 8) using Affymetrix GeneChip Human genome arrays (Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA). The results were stratified by supervised and unsupervised clustering analysis, as well as by overall fold change in gene expression. RESULTS: When compared to normal urothelium, UCa showed differential expression of 155 genes using a 5-fold cut-off. Examples of differentially regulated genes included topoisomerases, cancer-related transcription factors and cell cycle mediators. A second comparison of normal urothelium to SCCa showed differential expression of 503 genes, many of which were related to squamous-specific morphology (desmosomal complex, intermediate filaments present within squamous epithelium, squamous cornifying proteins, and molecules upregulated in squamous carcinomas from other anatomic sites). When compared, 137 genes were commonly dysregulated in both UCa and SCCa as compared to normal urothelium. All dysregulated genes in UCa were shared in common with SCCa, with the exception of only 18 genes. Supervised clustering analysis yielded correct classification of lesions in 26/27 (96%) of cases and unsupervised clustering analysis yielded correct classification in 25/27 (92.6%) of cases. CONCLUSIONS: The results from this analysis suggest that bladder SCCa shares a significant number of gene expression changes with conventional UCa, but also demonstrates an additional set of alterations that is unique to this entity that defines the squamous phenotype. The similarity in deregulated gene products suggests that SCCa may be a much more closely related entity at the molecular level to conventional UCa than previously hypothesized. BioMed Central 2013-10-17 /pmc/articles/PMC4015777/ /pubmed/24134934 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1755-8794-6-42 Text en Copyright © 2013 Hansel et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Hansel, Donna E
Zhang, Zhongfa
Petillo, David
Teh, Bin T
Gene profiling suggests a common evolution of bladder cancer subtypes
title Gene profiling suggests a common evolution of bladder cancer subtypes
title_full Gene profiling suggests a common evolution of bladder cancer subtypes
title_fullStr Gene profiling suggests a common evolution of bladder cancer subtypes
title_full_unstemmed Gene profiling suggests a common evolution of bladder cancer subtypes
title_short Gene profiling suggests a common evolution of bladder cancer subtypes
title_sort gene profiling suggests a common evolution of bladder cancer subtypes
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4015777/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24134934
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1755-8794-6-42
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