Emission of Metals from Pelletized and Uncompressed Biomass Fuels Combustion in Rural Household Stoves in China

Effort of reducing CO(2) emissions in developing countries may require an increasing utilization of biomass fuels. Biomass pellets seem well-suited for residential biomass markets. However, there is limited quantitative information on pollutant emissions from biomass pellets burning, especially thos...

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Autores principales: Zhang, Wei, Tong, Yindong, Wang, Huanhuan, Chen, Long, Ou, Langbo, Wang, Xuejun, Liu, Guohua, Zhu, Yan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4085603/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25002204
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep05611
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author Zhang, Wei
Tong, Yindong
Wang, Huanhuan
Chen, Long
Ou, Langbo
Wang, Xuejun
Liu, Guohua
Zhu, Yan
author_facet Zhang, Wei
Tong, Yindong
Wang, Huanhuan
Chen, Long
Ou, Langbo
Wang, Xuejun
Liu, Guohua
Zhu, Yan
author_sort Zhang, Wei
collection PubMed
description Effort of reducing CO(2) emissions in developing countries may require an increasing utilization of biomass fuels. Biomass pellets seem well-suited for residential biomass markets. However, there is limited quantitative information on pollutant emissions from biomass pellets burning, especially those measured in real applications. In this study, biomass pellets and raw biomass fuels were burned in a pellet burner and a conventional stove respectively, in rural households, and metal emissions were determined. Results showed that the emission factors (EFs) ranged 3.20–5.57 (Pb), 5.20–7.58 (Cu), 0.11–0.23 (Cd), 12.67–39.00 (As), 0.59–1.31 mg/kg (Ni) for pellets, and 0.73–1.34 (Pb), 0.92–4.48 (Cu), 0.08–0.14 (Cd), 7.29–13.22 (As), 0.28–0.62 (Ni) mg/kg for raw biomass. For unit energy delivered to cooking vessels, the EFs ranged 0.42–0.77 (Pb), 0.79–1.16 (Cu), 0.01–0.03 (Cd), 1.93–5.09 (As), 0.08–0.19 mg/MJ (Ni) for pellets, and 0.30–0.56 (Pb), 0.41–1.86 (Cu), 0.04–0.06 (Cd), 3.25–5.49 (As), 0.12–0.26 (Ni) mg/MJ for raw biomass. This study found that moisture, volatile matter and modified combustion efficiency were the important factors affecting metal emissions. Comparisons of the mass-based and task-based EFs found that biomass pellets produced higher metal emissions than the same amount of raw biomass. However, metal emissions from pellets were not higher in terms of unit energy delivered.
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spelling pubmed-40856032014-07-09 Emission of Metals from Pelletized and Uncompressed Biomass Fuels Combustion in Rural Household Stoves in China Zhang, Wei Tong, Yindong Wang, Huanhuan Chen, Long Ou, Langbo Wang, Xuejun Liu, Guohua Zhu, Yan Sci Rep Article Effort of reducing CO(2) emissions in developing countries may require an increasing utilization of biomass fuels. Biomass pellets seem well-suited for residential biomass markets. However, there is limited quantitative information on pollutant emissions from biomass pellets burning, especially those measured in real applications. In this study, biomass pellets and raw biomass fuels were burned in a pellet burner and a conventional stove respectively, in rural households, and metal emissions were determined. Results showed that the emission factors (EFs) ranged 3.20–5.57 (Pb), 5.20–7.58 (Cu), 0.11–0.23 (Cd), 12.67–39.00 (As), 0.59–1.31 mg/kg (Ni) for pellets, and 0.73–1.34 (Pb), 0.92–4.48 (Cu), 0.08–0.14 (Cd), 7.29–13.22 (As), 0.28–0.62 (Ni) mg/kg for raw biomass. For unit energy delivered to cooking vessels, the EFs ranged 0.42–0.77 (Pb), 0.79–1.16 (Cu), 0.01–0.03 (Cd), 1.93–5.09 (As), 0.08–0.19 mg/MJ (Ni) for pellets, and 0.30–0.56 (Pb), 0.41–1.86 (Cu), 0.04–0.06 (Cd), 3.25–5.49 (As), 0.12–0.26 (Ni) mg/MJ for raw biomass. This study found that moisture, volatile matter and modified combustion efficiency were the important factors affecting metal emissions. Comparisons of the mass-based and task-based EFs found that biomass pellets produced higher metal emissions than the same amount of raw biomass. However, metal emissions from pellets were not higher in terms of unit energy delivered. Nature Publishing Group 2014-07-08 /pmc/articles/PMC4085603/ /pubmed/25002204 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep05611 Text en Copyright © 2014, Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder in order to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
spellingShingle Article
Zhang, Wei
Tong, Yindong
Wang, Huanhuan
Chen, Long
Ou, Langbo
Wang, Xuejun
Liu, Guohua
Zhu, Yan
Emission of Metals from Pelletized and Uncompressed Biomass Fuels Combustion in Rural Household Stoves in China
title Emission of Metals from Pelletized and Uncompressed Biomass Fuels Combustion in Rural Household Stoves in China
title_full Emission of Metals from Pelletized and Uncompressed Biomass Fuels Combustion in Rural Household Stoves in China
title_fullStr Emission of Metals from Pelletized and Uncompressed Biomass Fuels Combustion in Rural Household Stoves in China
title_full_unstemmed Emission of Metals from Pelletized and Uncompressed Biomass Fuels Combustion in Rural Household Stoves in China
title_short Emission of Metals from Pelletized and Uncompressed Biomass Fuels Combustion in Rural Household Stoves in China
title_sort emission of metals from pelletized and uncompressed biomass fuels combustion in rural household stoves in china
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4085603/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25002204
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep05611
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