Effect of nanostructured TiO(2) crystal phase on photoinduced apoptosis of breast cancer epithelial cells
PURPOSE: The use of nanoparticles has seen exponential growth in the area of health care, due to the unique physicochemical properties of nanomaterials that make them desirable for medical applications. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of crystal phase-nanostructured titanium dioxide...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Dove Medical Press
2014
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4086669/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25061298 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S62972 |
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author | Lagopati, Nefeli Tsilibary, Effie-Photini Falaras, Polycarpos Papazafiri, Panagiota Pavlatou, Evangelia A Kotsopoulou, Eleni Kitsiou, Paraskevi |
author_facet | Lagopati, Nefeli Tsilibary, Effie-Photini Falaras, Polycarpos Papazafiri, Panagiota Pavlatou, Evangelia A Kotsopoulou, Eleni Kitsiou, Paraskevi |
author_sort | Lagopati, Nefeli |
collection | PubMed |
description | PURPOSE: The use of nanoparticles has seen exponential growth in the area of health care, due to the unique physicochemical properties of nanomaterials that make them desirable for medical applications. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of crystal phase-nanostructured titanium dioxide particles on bioactivity/cytotoxicity in breast cancer epithelial cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cultured Michigan Cancer Foundation (MCF)-7 and human breast adenocarcinoma (MDA-MB-468) breast cancer epithelial cells were exposed to ultraviolet A light (wavelength 350 nm) for 20 minutes in the presence of aqueous dispersions of two different nanostructured titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) crystal phases: anatase and an anatase–rutile mixture. Detailed characterization of each titanium dispersion was performed by dynamic light scattering. A 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) colorimetric assay was employed to estimate the percentage of viable cells after each treatment. Western blot analysis of protein expression and characterization, as well as a deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-laddering assay, were used to detect cell apoptosis. RESULTS: Our results documented that 100% anatase TiO(2) nanoparticles (110–130 nm) exhibited significantly higher cytotoxicity in the highly malignant MDA-MB-468 cancer cells than anatase– rutile mixtures (75%/25%) with the same size. On the contrary, MCF-7 cells (characterized by low invasive properties) were not considerably affected. Exposure of MDA-MB-468 cells to pure anatase nanoparticles or anatase–rutile mixtures for 48 hours resulted in increased proapoptotic Bax expression, caspase-mediated poly(adenosine diphosphate ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage, DNA fragmentation, and programmed cell death/apoptosis. CONCLUSION: The obtained results indicated that pure anatase TiO(2) nanoparticles exhibit superior cytotoxic effects compared to anatase–rutile mixtures of the same size. The molecular mechanism of TiO(2) nanoparticle cytotoxicity involved increased Bax expression and caspase-mediated PARP inactivation, thus resulting in DNA fragmentation and cell apoptosis. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4086669 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | Dove Medical Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-40866692014-07-24 Effect of nanostructured TiO(2) crystal phase on photoinduced apoptosis of breast cancer epithelial cells Lagopati, Nefeli Tsilibary, Effie-Photini Falaras, Polycarpos Papazafiri, Panagiota Pavlatou, Evangelia A Kotsopoulou, Eleni Kitsiou, Paraskevi Int J Nanomedicine Original Research PURPOSE: The use of nanoparticles has seen exponential growth in the area of health care, due to the unique physicochemical properties of nanomaterials that make them desirable for medical applications. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of crystal phase-nanostructured titanium dioxide particles on bioactivity/cytotoxicity in breast cancer epithelial cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cultured Michigan Cancer Foundation (MCF)-7 and human breast adenocarcinoma (MDA-MB-468) breast cancer epithelial cells were exposed to ultraviolet A light (wavelength 350 nm) for 20 minutes in the presence of aqueous dispersions of two different nanostructured titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) crystal phases: anatase and an anatase–rutile mixture. Detailed characterization of each titanium dispersion was performed by dynamic light scattering. A 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) colorimetric assay was employed to estimate the percentage of viable cells after each treatment. Western blot analysis of protein expression and characterization, as well as a deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-laddering assay, were used to detect cell apoptosis. RESULTS: Our results documented that 100% anatase TiO(2) nanoparticles (110–130 nm) exhibited significantly higher cytotoxicity in the highly malignant MDA-MB-468 cancer cells than anatase– rutile mixtures (75%/25%) with the same size. On the contrary, MCF-7 cells (characterized by low invasive properties) were not considerably affected. Exposure of MDA-MB-468 cells to pure anatase nanoparticles or anatase–rutile mixtures for 48 hours resulted in increased proapoptotic Bax expression, caspase-mediated poly(adenosine diphosphate ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage, DNA fragmentation, and programmed cell death/apoptosis. CONCLUSION: The obtained results indicated that pure anatase TiO(2) nanoparticles exhibit superior cytotoxic effects compared to anatase–rutile mixtures of the same size. The molecular mechanism of TiO(2) nanoparticle cytotoxicity involved increased Bax expression and caspase-mediated PARP inactivation, thus resulting in DNA fragmentation and cell apoptosis. Dove Medical Press 2014-07-03 /pmc/articles/PMC4086669/ /pubmed/25061298 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S62972 Text en © 2014 Lagopati et al. This work is published by Dove Medical Press Limited, and licensed under Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License The full terms of the License are available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. |
spellingShingle | Original Research Lagopati, Nefeli Tsilibary, Effie-Photini Falaras, Polycarpos Papazafiri, Panagiota Pavlatou, Evangelia A Kotsopoulou, Eleni Kitsiou, Paraskevi Effect of nanostructured TiO(2) crystal phase on photoinduced apoptosis of breast cancer epithelial cells |
title | Effect of nanostructured TiO(2) crystal phase on photoinduced apoptosis of breast cancer epithelial cells |
title_full | Effect of nanostructured TiO(2) crystal phase on photoinduced apoptosis of breast cancer epithelial cells |
title_fullStr | Effect of nanostructured TiO(2) crystal phase on photoinduced apoptosis of breast cancer epithelial cells |
title_full_unstemmed | Effect of nanostructured TiO(2) crystal phase on photoinduced apoptosis of breast cancer epithelial cells |
title_short | Effect of nanostructured TiO(2) crystal phase on photoinduced apoptosis of breast cancer epithelial cells |
title_sort | effect of nanostructured tio(2) crystal phase on photoinduced apoptosis of breast cancer epithelial cells |
topic | Original Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4086669/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25061298 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S62972 |
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