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Effects of dietary components on high-density lipoprotein measures in a cohort of 1,566 participants
BACKGROUND: Recent data suggest that an increased level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) is not causally protective against heart disease, shifting focus to other sub-phenotypes of HDL. Prior work on the effects of dietary intakes has focused largely on HDL-C. The goal of this study w...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2014
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4177053/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25264450 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1743-7075-11-44 |
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author | Kim, Daniel Seung Burt, Amber A Ranchalis, Jane E Jarvik, Leah E Eintracht, Jason F Furlong, Clement E Jarvik, Gail P |
author_facet | Kim, Daniel Seung Burt, Amber A Ranchalis, Jane E Jarvik, Leah E Eintracht, Jason F Furlong, Clement E Jarvik, Gail P |
author_sort | Kim, Daniel Seung |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Recent data suggest that an increased level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) is not causally protective against heart disease, shifting focus to other sub-phenotypes of HDL. Prior work on the effects of dietary intakes has focused largely on HDL-C. The goal of this study was to identify the dietary intakes that affect HDL-related measures: HDL-C, HDL-2, HDL-3, and apoA1 using data from a carotid artery disease case–control cohort. METHODS: A subset of 1,566 participants with extensive lipid phenotype data completed the Harvard Standardized Food Frequency Questionnaire to determine their daily micronutrient intake over the past year. Stepwise linear regression was used to separately evaluate the effects of dietary covariates on adjusted levels of HDL-C, HDL-2, HDL-3, and apoA1. RESULTS: Dietary folate intake was positively associated with HDL-C (p = 0.007), HDL-2 (p = 0.0011), HDL-3 (p = 0.0022), and apoA1 (p = 0.001). Alcohol intake and myristic acid (14:0), a saturated fat, were each significantly associated with increased levels of all HDL-related measures studied. Dietary carbohydrate and iron intake were significantly associated with decreased levels of all HDL-related measures. Magnesium intake was positively associated with HDL-C, HDL-2, and HDL-3 levels, but not apoA1 levels, while vitamin C was only associated with apoA1 levels. Dietary fiber and protein intake were both associated with HDL-3 levels alone. CONCLUSIONS: This study is the first to report that dietary folate intake is associated with HDL-C, HDL-2, HDL-3, and apoA1 levels in humans. We further identify numerous dietary intake associations with apoA1, HDL-2, and HDL-3 levels. Given the shifting focus away from HDL-C, these data will prove valuable for future epidemiologic investigation of the role of diet and multiple HDL phenotypes in heart disease. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4177053 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-41770532014-09-28 Effects of dietary components on high-density lipoprotein measures in a cohort of 1,566 participants Kim, Daniel Seung Burt, Amber A Ranchalis, Jane E Jarvik, Leah E Eintracht, Jason F Furlong, Clement E Jarvik, Gail P Nutr Metab (Lond) Research BACKGROUND: Recent data suggest that an increased level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) is not causally protective against heart disease, shifting focus to other sub-phenotypes of HDL. Prior work on the effects of dietary intakes has focused largely on HDL-C. The goal of this study was to identify the dietary intakes that affect HDL-related measures: HDL-C, HDL-2, HDL-3, and apoA1 using data from a carotid artery disease case–control cohort. METHODS: A subset of 1,566 participants with extensive lipid phenotype data completed the Harvard Standardized Food Frequency Questionnaire to determine their daily micronutrient intake over the past year. Stepwise linear regression was used to separately evaluate the effects of dietary covariates on adjusted levels of HDL-C, HDL-2, HDL-3, and apoA1. RESULTS: Dietary folate intake was positively associated with HDL-C (p = 0.007), HDL-2 (p = 0.0011), HDL-3 (p = 0.0022), and apoA1 (p = 0.001). Alcohol intake and myristic acid (14:0), a saturated fat, were each significantly associated with increased levels of all HDL-related measures studied. Dietary carbohydrate and iron intake were significantly associated with decreased levels of all HDL-related measures. Magnesium intake was positively associated with HDL-C, HDL-2, and HDL-3 levels, but not apoA1 levels, while vitamin C was only associated with apoA1 levels. Dietary fiber and protein intake were both associated with HDL-3 levels alone. CONCLUSIONS: This study is the first to report that dietary folate intake is associated with HDL-C, HDL-2, HDL-3, and apoA1 levels in humans. We further identify numerous dietary intake associations with apoA1, HDL-2, and HDL-3 levels. Given the shifting focus away from HDL-C, these data will prove valuable for future epidemiologic investigation of the role of diet and multiple HDL phenotypes in heart disease. BioMed Central 2014-09-15 /pmc/articles/PMC4177053/ /pubmed/25264450 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1743-7075-11-44 Text en © Kim et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2014 This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Kim, Daniel Seung Burt, Amber A Ranchalis, Jane E Jarvik, Leah E Eintracht, Jason F Furlong, Clement E Jarvik, Gail P Effects of dietary components on high-density lipoprotein measures in a cohort of 1,566 participants |
title | Effects of dietary components on high-density lipoprotein measures in a cohort of 1,566 participants |
title_full | Effects of dietary components on high-density lipoprotein measures in a cohort of 1,566 participants |
title_fullStr | Effects of dietary components on high-density lipoprotein measures in a cohort of 1,566 participants |
title_full_unstemmed | Effects of dietary components on high-density lipoprotein measures in a cohort of 1,566 participants |
title_short | Effects of dietary components on high-density lipoprotein measures in a cohort of 1,566 participants |
title_sort | effects of dietary components on high-density lipoprotein measures in a cohort of 1,566 participants |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4177053/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25264450 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1743-7075-11-44 |
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