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Modulation of Purkinje cell complex spike waveform by synchrony levels in the olivocerebellar system
Purkinje cells (PCs) generate complex spikes (CSs) when activated by the olivocerebellar system. Unlike most spikes, the CS waveform is highly variable, with the number, amplitude, and timing of the spikelets that comprise it varying with each occurrence. This variability suggests that CS waveform c...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2014
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4214199/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25400556 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnsys.2014.00210 |
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author | Lang, Eric J. Tang, Tianyu Suh, Colleen Y. Xiao, Jianqiang Kotsurovskyy, Yuriy Blenkinsop, Timothy A. Marshall, Sarah P. Sugihara, Izumi |
author_facet | Lang, Eric J. Tang, Tianyu Suh, Colleen Y. Xiao, Jianqiang Kotsurovskyy, Yuriy Blenkinsop, Timothy A. Marshall, Sarah P. Sugihara, Izumi |
author_sort | Lang, Eric J. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Purkinje cells (PCs) generate complex spikes (CSs) when activated by the olivocerebellar system. Unlike most spikes, the CS waveform is highly variable, with the number, amplitude, and timing of the spikelets that comprise it varying with each occurrence. This variability suggests that CS waveform could be an important control parameter of olivocerebellar activity. The origin of this variation is not well known. Thus, we obtained extracellular recordings of CSs to investigate the possibility that the electrical coupling state of the inferior olive (IO) affects the CS waveform. Using multielectrode recordings from arrays of PCs we showed that the variance in the recording signal during the period when the spikelets occur is correlated with CS synchrony levels in local groups of PCs. The correlation was demonstrated under both ketamine and urethane, indicating that it is robust. Moreover, climbing fiber reflex evoked CSs showed an analogous positive correlation between spikelet-related variance and the number of cells that responded to a stimulus. Intra-IO injections of GABA-A receptor antagonists or the gap junction blocker carbenoxolone produced correlated changes in the variance and synchrony levels, indicating the presence of a causal relationship. Control experiments showed that changes in variance with synchrony were primarily due to changes in the CS waveform, as opposed to changes in the strength of field potentials from surrounding cells. Direct counts of spikelets showed that their number increased with synchronization of CS activity. In sum, these results provide evidence of a causal link between two of the distinguishing characteristics of the olivocerebellar system, its ability to generate synchronous activity and the waveform of the CS. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4214199 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-42141992014-11-14 Modulation of Purkinje cell complex spike waveform by synchrony levels in the olivocerebellar system Lang, Eric J. Tang, Tianyu Suh, Colleen Y. Xiao, Jianqiang Kotsurovskyy, Yuriy Blenkinsop, Timothy A. Marshall, Sarah P. Sugihara, Izumi Front Syst Neurosci Neuroscience Purkinje cells (PCs) generate complex spikes (CSs) when activated by the olivocerebellar system. Unlike most spikes, the CS waveform is highly variable, with the number, amplitude, and timing of the spikelets that comprise it varying with each occurrence. This variability suggests that CS waveform could be an important control parameter of olivocerebellar activity. The origin of this variation is not well known. Thus, we obtained extracellular recordings of CSs to investigate the possibility that the electrical coupling state of the inferior olive (IO) affects the CS waveform. Using multielectrode recordings from arrays of PCs we showed that the variance in the recording signal during the period when the spikelets occur is correlated with CS synchrony levels in local groups of PCs. The correlation was demonstrated under both ketamine and urethane, indicating that it is robust. Moreover, climbing fiber reflex evoked CSs showed an analogous positive correlation between spikelet-related variance and the number of cells that responded to a stimulus. Intra-IO injections of GABA-A receptor antagonists or the gap junction blocker carbenoxolone produced correlated changes in the variance and synchrony levels, indicating the presence of a causal relationship. Control experiments showed that changes in variance with synchrony were primarily due to changes in the CS waveform, as opposed to changes in the strength of field potentials from surrounding cells. Direct counts of spikelets showed that their number increased with synchronization of CS activity. In sum, these results provide evidence of a causal link between two of the distinguishing characteristics of the olivocerebellar system, its ability to generate synchronous activity and the waveform of the CS. Frontiers Media S.A. 2014-10-30 /pmc/articles/PMC4214199/ /pubmed/25400556 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnsys.2014.00210 Text en Copyright © 2014 Lang, Tang, Suh, Xiao, Kotsurovskyy, Blenkinsop, Marshall and Sugihara. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Neuroscience Lang, Eric J. Tang, Tianyu Suh, Colleen Y. Xiao, Jianqiang Kotsurovskyy, Yuriy Blenkinsop, Timothy A. Marshall, Sarah P. Sugihara, Izumi Modulation of Purkinje cell complex spike waveform by synchrony levels in the olivocerebellar system |
title | Modulation of Purkinje cell complex spike waveform by synchrony levels in the olivocerebellar system |
title_full | Modulation of Purkinje cell complex spike waveform by synchrony levels in the olivocerebellar system |
title_fullStr | Modulation of Purkinje cell complex spike waveform by synchrony levels in the olivocerebellar system |
title_full_unstemmed | Modulation of Purkinje cell complex spike waveform by synchrony levels in the olivocerebellar system |
title_short | Modulation of Purkinje cell complex spike waveform by synchrony levels in the olivocerebellar system |
title_sort | modulation of purkinje cell complex spike waveform by synchrony levels in the olivocerebellar system |
topic | Neuroscience |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4214199/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25400556 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnsys.2014.00210 |
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