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The role of Epstein–Barr virus in epithelial malignancies
The close association of Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection with non-keratinizing nasopharyngeal carcinomas and a subset of gastric carcinomas suggests that EBV infection is a crucial event in these cancers. The difficulties encountered in infecting and transforming primary epithelial cells in exper...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4280676/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25251730 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/path.4448 |
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author | Tsao, Sai-Wah Tsang, Chi Man To, Ka-Fai Lo, Kwok-Wai |
author_facet | Tsao, Sai-Wah Tsang, Chi Man To, Ka-Fai Lo, Kwok-Wai |
author_sort | Tsao, Sai-Wah |
collection | PubMed |
description | The close association of Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection with non-keratinizing nasopharyngeal carcinomas and a subset of gastric carcinomas suggests that EBV infection is a crucial event in these cancers. The difficulties encountered in infecting and transforming primary epithelial cells in experimental systems suggest that the role of EBV in epithelial malignancies is complex and multifactorial in nature. Genetic alterations in the premalignant epithelium may support the establishment of latent EBV infection, which is believed to be an initiation event. Oncogenic properties have been reported in multiple EBV latent genes. The BamH1 A rightwards transcripts (BARTs) and the BART-encoded microRNAs (miR-BARTs) are highly expressed in EBV-associated epithelial malignancies and may induce malignant transformation. However, enhanced proliferation may not be the crucial function of EBV infection in epithelial malignancies, at least in the early stages of cancer development. EBV-encoded gene products may confer anti-apoptotic properties and promote the survival of infected premalignant epithelial cells harbouring genetic alterations. Multiple EBV-encoded microRNAs have been reported to have immune evasion functions. Genetic alterations in host cells, as well as inflammatory stroma, could modulate the expression of EBV genes and alter the growth properties of infected premalignant epithelial cells, encouraging their selection during carcinogenesis. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4280676 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | John Wiley & Sons, Ltd |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-42806762015-01-06 The role of Epstein–Barr virus in epithelial malignancies Tsao, Sai-Wah Tsang, Chi Man To, Ka-Fai Lo, Kwok-Wai J Pathol Invited Reviews The close association of Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection with non-keratinizing nasopharyngeal carcinomas and a subset of gastric carcinomas suggests that EBV infection is a crucial event in these cancers. The difficulties encountered in infecting and transforming primary epithelial cells in experimental systems suggest that the role of EBV in epithelial malignancies is complex and multifactorial in nature. Genetic alterations in the premalignant epithelium may support the establishment of latent EBV infection, which is believed to be an initiation event. Oncogenic properties have been reported in multiple EBV latent genes. The BamH1 A rightwards transcripts (BARTs) and the BART-encoded microRNAs (miR-BARTs) are highly expressed in EBV-associated epithelial malignancies and may induce malignant transformation. However, enhanced proliferation may not be the crucial function of EBV infection in epithelial malignancies, at least in the early stages of cancer development. EBV-encoded gene products may confer anti-apoptotic properties and promote the survival of infected premalignant epithelial cells harbouring genetic alterations. Multiple EBV-encoded microRNAs have been reported to have immune evasion functions. Genetic alterations in host cells, as well as inflammatory stroma, could modulate the expression of EBV genes and alter the growth properties of infected premalignant epithelial cells, encouraging their selection during carcinogenesis. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd 2015-01 2014-12-11 /pmc/articles/PMC4280676/ /pubmed/25251730 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/path.4448 Text en © 2014 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made. |
spellingShingle | Invited Reviews Tsao, Sai-Wah Tsang, Chi Man To, Ka-Fai Lo, Kwok-Wai The role of Epstein–Barr virus in epithelial malignancies |
title | The role of Epstein–Barr virus in epithelial malignancies |
title_full | The role of Epstein–Barr virus in epithelial malignancies |
title_fullStr | The role of Epstein–Barr virus in epithelial malignancies |
title_full_unstemmed | The role of Epstein–Barr virus in epithelial malignancies |
title_short | The role of Epstein–Barr virus in epithelial malignancies |
title_sort | role of epstein–barr virus in epithelial malignancies |
topic | Invited Reviews |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4280676/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25251730 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/path.4448 |
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