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Analysis of Genetic Code Ambiguity Arising from Nematode-Specific Misacylated tRNAs
The faithful translation of the genetic code requires the highly accurate aminoacylation of transfer RNAs (tRNAs). However, it has been shown that nematode-specific V-arm-containing tRNAs (nev-tRNAs) are misacylated with leucine in vitro in a manner that transgresses the genetic code. nev-tRNA(Gly)...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Public Library of Science
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4300185/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25602944 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0116981 |
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author | Hamashima, Kiyofumi Mori, Masaru Andachi, Yoshiki Tomita, Masaru Kohara, Yuji Kanai, Akio |
author_facet | Hamashima, Kiyofumi Mori, Masaru Andachi, Yoshiki Tomita, Masaru Kohara, Yuji Kanai, Akio |
author_sort | Hamashima, Kiyofumi |
collection | PubMed |
description | The faithful translation of the genetic code requires the highly accurate aminoacylation of transfer RNAs (tRNAs). However, it has been shown that nematode-specific V-arm-containing tRNAs (nev-tRNAs) are misacylated with leucine in vitro in a manner that transgresses the genetic code. nev-tRNA(Gly) (CCC) and nev-tRNA(Ile) (UAU), which are the major nev-tRNA isotypes, could theoretically decode the glycine (GGG) codon and isoleucine (AUA) codon as leucine, causing GGG and AUA codon ambiguity in nematode cells. To test this hypothesis, we investigated the functionality of nev-tRNAs and their impact on the proteome of Caenorhabditis elegans. Analysis of the nucleotide sequences in the 3’ end regions of the nev-tRNAs showed that they had matured correctly, with the addition of CCA, which is a crucial posttranscriptional modification required for tRNA aminoacylation. The nuclear export of nev-tRNAs was confirmed with an analysis of their subcellular localization. These results show that nev-tRNAs are processed to their mature forms like common tRNAs and are available for translation. However, a whole-cell proteome analysis found no detectable level of nev-tRNA-induced mistranslation in C. elegans cells, suggesting that the genetic code is not ambiguous, at least under normal growth conditions. Our findings indicate that the translational fidelity of the nematode genetic code is strictly maintained, contrary to our expectations, although deviant tRNAs with misacylation properties are highly conserved in the nematode genome. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4300185 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-43001852015-01-30 Analysis of Genetic Code Ambiguity Arising from Nematode-Specific Misacylated tRNAs Hamashima, Kiyofumi Mori, Masaru Andachi, Yoshiki Tomita, Masaru Kohara, Yuji Kanai, Akio PLoS One Research Article The faithful translation of the genetic code requires the highly accurate aminoacylation of transfer RNAs (tRNAs). However, it has been shown that nematode-specific V-arm-containing tRNAs (nev-tRNAs) are misacylated with leucine in vitro in a manner that transgresses the genetic code. nev-tRNA(Gly) (CCC) and nev-tRNA(Ile) (UAU), which are the major nev-tRNA isotypes, could theoretically decode the glycine (GGG) codon and isoleucine (AUA) codon as leucine, causing GGG and AUA codon ambiguity in nematode cells. To test this hypothesis, we investigated the functionality of nev-tRNAs and their impact on the proteome of Caenorhabditis elegans. Analysis of the nucleotide sequences in the 3’ end regions of the nev-tRNAs showed that they had matured correctly, with the addition of CCA, which is a crucial posttranscriptional modification required for tRNA aminoacylation. The nuclear export of nev-tRNAs was confirmed with an analysis of their subcellular localization. These results show that nev-tRNAs are processed to their mature forms like common tRNAs and are available for translation. However, a whole-cell proteome analysis found no detectable level of nev-tRNA-induced mistranslation in C. elegans cells, suggesting that the genetic code is not ambiguous, at least under normal growth conditions. Our findings indicate that the translational fidelity of the nematode genetic code is strictly maintained, contrary to our expectations, although deviant tRNAs with misacylation properties are highly conserved in the nematode genome. Public Library of Science 2015-01-20 /pmc/articles/PMC4300185/ /pubmed/25602944 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0116981 Text en © 2015 Hamashima et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Hamashima, Kiyofumi Mori, Masaru Andachi, Yoshiki Tomita, Masaru Kohara, Yuji Kanai, Akio Analysis of Genetic Code Ambiguity Arising from Nematode-Specific Misacylated tRNAs |
title | Analysis of Genetic Code Ambiguity Arising from Nematode-Specific Misacylated tRNAs |
title_full | Analysis of Genetic Code Ambiguity Arising from Nematode-Specific Misacylated tRNAs |
title_fullStr | Analysis of Genetic Code Ambiguity Arising from Nematode-Specific Misacylated tRNAs |
title_full_unstemmed | Analysis of Genetic Code Ambiguity Arising from Nematode-Specific Misacylated tRNAs |
title_short | Analysis of Genetic Code Ambiguity Arising from Nematode-Specific Misacylated tRNAs |
title_sort | analysis of genetic code ambiguity arising from nematode-specific misacylated trnas |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4300185/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25602944 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0116981 |
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