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The Chaperone Balance Hypothesis: The Importance of the Extracellular to Intracellular HSP70 Ratio to Inflammation-Driven Type 2 Diabetes, the Effect of Exercise, and the Implications for Clinical Management

Recent evidence shows divergence between the concentrations of extracellular 70 kDa heat shock protein [eHSP70] and its intracellular concentrations [iHSP70] in people with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). A vital aspect regarding HSP70 physiology is its versatility to induce antagonistic actions, depending...

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Autores principales: Krause, Mauricio, Heck, Thiago Gomes, Bittencourt, Aline, Scomazzon, Sofia Pizzato, Newsholme, Philip, Curi, Rui, Homem de Bittencourt, Paulo Ivo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4357135/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25814786
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/249205
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author Krause, Mauricio
Heck, Thiago Gomes
Bittencourt, Aline
Scomazzon, Sofia Pizzato
Newsholme, Philip
Curi, Rui
Homem de Bittencourt, Paulo Ivo
author_facet Krause, Mauricio
Heck, Thiago Gomes
Bittencourt, Aline
Scomazzon, Sofia Pizzato
Newsholme, Philip
Curi, Rui
Homem de Bittencourt, Paulo Ivo
author_sort Krause, Mauricio
collection PubMed
description Recent evidence shows divergence between the concentrations of extracellular 70 kDa heat shock protein [eHSP70] and its intracellular concentrations [iHSP70] in people with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). A vital aspect regarding HSP70 physiology is its versatility to induce antagonistic actions, depending on the location of the protein. For example, iHSP70 exerts a powerful anti-inflammatory effect, while eHSP70 activates proinflammatory pathways. Increased eHSP70 is associated with inflammatory and oxidative stress conditions, whereas decreased iHSP70 levels are related to insulin resistance in skeletal muscle. Serum eHSP70 concentrations are positively correlated with markers of inflammation, such as C-reactive protein, monocyte count, and TNF-α, while strategies to enhance iHSP70 (e.g., heat treatment, chemical HSP70 inducers or coinducers, and physical exercise) are capable of reducing the inflammatory profile and the insulin resistance state. Here, we present recent findings suggesting that imbalances in the HSP70 status, described by the [eHSP70]/[iHSP70] ratio, may be determinant to trigger a chronic proinflammatory state that leads to insulin resistance and T2DM development. This led us to hypothesize that changes in this ratio value could be used as a biomarker for the management of the inflammatory response in insulin resistance and diabetes.
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spelling pubmed-43571352015-03-26 The Chaperone Balance Hypothesis: The Importance of the Extracellular to Intracellular HSP70 Ratio to Inflammation-Driven Type 2 Diabetes, the Effect of Exercise, and the Implications for Clinical Management Krause, Mauricio Heck, Thiago Gomes Bittencourt, Aline Scomazzon, Sofia Pizzato Newsholme, Philip Curi, Rui Homem de Bittencourt, Paulo Ivo Mediators Inflamm Review Article Recent evidence shows divergence between the concentrations of extracellular 70 kDa heat shock protein [eHSP70] and its intracellular concentrations [iHSP70] in people with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). A vital aspect regarding HSP70 physiology is its versatility to induce antagonistic actions, depending on the location of the protein. For example, iHSP70 exerts a powerful anti-inflammatory effect, while eHSP70 activates proinflammatory pathways. Increased eHSP70 is associated with inflammatory and oxidative stress conditions, whereas decreased iHSP70 levels are related to insulin resistance in skeletal muscle. Serum eHSP70 concentrations are positively correlated with markers of inflammation, such as C-reactive protein, monocyte count, and TNF-α, while strategies to enhance iHSP70 (e.g., heat treatment, chemical HSP70 inducers or coinducers, and physical exercise) are capable of reducing the inflammatory profile and the insulin resistance state. Here, we present recent findings suggesting that imbalances in the HSP70 status, described by the [eHSP70]/[iHSP70] ratio, may be determinant to trigger a chronic proinflammatory state that leads to insulin resistance and T2DM development. This led us to hypothesize that changes in this ratio value could be used as a biomarker for the management of the inflammatory response in insulin resistance and diabetes. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2015 2015-02-26 /pmc/articles/PMC4357135/ /pubmed/25814786 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/249205 Text en Copyright © 2015 Mauricio Krause et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Krause, Mauricio
Heck, Thiago Gomes
Bittencourt, Aline
Scomazzon, Sofia Pizzato
Newsholme, Philip
Curi, Rui
Homem de Bittencourt, Paulo Ivo
The Chaperone Balance Hypothesis: The Importance of the Extracellular to Intracellular HSP70 Ratio to Inflammation-Driven Type 2 Diabetes, the Effect of Exercise, and the Implications for Clinical Management
title The Chaperone Balance Hypothesis: The Importance of the Extracellular to Intracellular HSP70 Ratio to Inflammation-Driven Type 2 Diabetes, the Effect of Exercise, and the Implications for Clinical Management
title_full The Chaperone Balance Hypothesis: The Importance of the Extracellular to Intracellular HSP70 Ratio to Inflammation-Driven Type 2 Diabetes, the Effect of Exercise, and the Implications for Clinical Management
title_fullStr The Chaperone Balance Hypothesis: The Importance of the Extracellular to Intracellular HSP70 Ratio to Inflammation-Driven Type 2 Diabetes, the Effect of Exercise, and the Implications for Clinical Management
title_full_unstemmed The Chaperone Balance Hypothesis: The Importance of the Extracellular to Intracellular HSP70 Ratio to Inflammation-Driven Type 2 Diabetes, the Effect of Exercise, and the Implications for Clinical Management
title_short The Chaperone Balance Hypothesis: The Importance of the Extracellular to Intracellular HSP70 Ratio to Inflammation-Driven Type 2 Diabetes, the Effect of Exercise, and the Implications for Clinical Management
title_sort chaperone balance hypothesis: the importance of the extracellular to intracellular hsp70 ratio to inflammation-driven type 2 diabetes, the effect of exercise, and the implications for clinical management
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4357135/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25814786
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/249205
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