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Starting Insulin in Type 2 Diabetes: Real-World Outcomes After the First 12 Months of Insulin Therapy in a New Zealand Cohort
AIMS: Currently, there is no consensus on which form of insulin to use when initiating insulin in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Our aim was to compare glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) reduction, weight change and severe hypoglycemia rates during the first year after initiation of intermediate-acting insulin iso...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Springer Healthcare
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4374070/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25680537 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13300-015-0100-8 |
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author | Sehgal, Shekhar Khanolkar, Manish |
author_facet | Sehgal, Shekhar Khanolkar, Manish |
author_sort | Sehgal, Shekhar |
collection | PubMed |
description | AIMS: Currently, there is no consensus on which form of insulin to use when initiating insulin in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Our aim was to compare glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) reduction, weight change and severe hypoglycemia rates during the first year after initiation of intermediate-acting insulin isophane, insulin glargine and pre-mixed insulin in patients with T2D. METHODS: Electronic clinical records of patients with T2D, starting insulin at a tertiary referral center in Auckland, New Zealand, from January 1 to December 31, 2012, were retrospectively evaluated. Primary outcomes were HbA1C reduction at 12 months and number of hospital admissions for hypoglycemia. RESULTS: Of 339 eligible patients, 273 (80.5%) started on intermediate insulin, 24 started on insulin glargine and 42 started on pre-mixed insulin. The mean HbA1C at insulin initiation was 89–95 mmol/mol, but had decreased at 12 months by 26.6 mmol/mol with insulin glargine, 23.4 mmol/mol with pre-mixed insulin and 16.6 mmol/mol with insulin isophane (p < 0.05 vs. baseline for all groups). Patients on insulin glargine were more likely to achieve the HbA1C target of <55 mmol/mol compared with patients on insulin isophane (16.7% vs. 4.8%; p = 0.04). Persistence rates were higher in patients initiated on pre-mixed insulin vs. insulin isophane (90.5% vs. 69.6%; p = 0.01). After controlling for confounding variables, glargine was more likely to achieve an HbA1C target of <55 (p = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: All insulin types caused a significant reduction in HbA1C, but very few met HbA1C targets. Insulin isophane was the most common type of insulin prescribed at initiation, with comparable outcomes to other types of insulin. More observational studies are needed to explore the possible impact of using other insulin types at initiation. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s13300-015-0100-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4374070 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | Springer Healthcare |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-43740702015-03-30 Starting Insulin in Type 2 Diabetes: Real-World Outcomes After the First 12 Months of Insulin Therapy in a New Zealand Cohort Sehgal, Shekhar Khanolkar, Manish Diabetes Ther Original Research AIMS: Currently, there is no consensus on which form of insulin to use when initiating insulin in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Our aim was to compare glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) reduction, weight change and severe hypoglycemia rates during the first year after initiation of intermediate-acting insulin isophane, insulin glargine and pre-mixed insulin in patients with T2D. METHODS: Electronic clinical records of patients with T2D, starting insulin at a tertiary referral center in Auckland, New Zealand, from January 1 to December 31, 2012, were retrospectively evaluated. Primary outcomes were HbA1C reduction at 12 months and number of hospital admissions for hypoglycemia. RESULTS: Of 339 eligible patients, 273 (80.5%) started on intermediate insulin, 24 started on insulin glargine and 42 started on pre-mixed insulin. The mean HbA1C at insulin initiation was 89–95 mmol/mol, but had decreased at 12 months by 26.6 mmol/mol with insulin glargine, 23.4 mmol/mol with pre-mixed insulin and 16.6 mmol/mol with insulin isophane (p < 0.05 vs. baseline for all groups). Patients on insulin glargine were more likely to achieve the HbA1C target of <55 mmol/mol compared with patients on insulin isophane (16.7% vs. 4.8%; p = 0.04). Persistence rates were higher in patients initiated on pre-mixed insulin vs. insulin isophane (90.5% vs. 69.6%; p = 0.01). After controlling for confounding variables, glargine was more likely to achieve an HbA1C target of <55 (p = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: All insulin types caused a significant reduction in HbA1C, but very few met HbA1C targets. Insulin isophane was the most common type of insulin prescribed at initiation, with comparable outcomes to other types of insulin. More observational studies are needed to explore the possible impact of using other insulin types at initiation. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s13300-015-0100-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Springer Healthcare 2015-02-14 2015-03 /pmc/articles/PMC4374070/ /pubmed/25680537 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13300-015-0100-8 Text en © The Author(s) 2015 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and the source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Original Research Sehgal, Shekhar Khanolkar, Manish Starting Insulin in Type 2 Diabetes: Real-World Outcomes After the First 12 Months of Insulin Therapy in a New Zealand Cohort |
title | Starting Insulin in Type 2 Diabetes: Real-World Outcomes After the First 12 Months of Insulin Therapy in a New Zealand Cohort |
title_full | Starting Insulin in Type 2 Diabetes: Real-World Outcomes After the First 12 Months of Insulin Therapy in a New Zealand Cohort |
title_fullStr | Starting Insulin in Type 2 Diabetes: Real-World Outcomes After the First 12 Months of Insulin Therapy in a New Zealand Cohort |
title_full_unstemmed | Starting Insulin in Type 2 Diabetes: Real-World Outcomes After the First 12 Months of Insulin Therapy in a New Zealand Cohort |
title_short | Starting Insulin in Type 2 Diabetes: Real-World Outcomes After the First 12 Months of Insulin Therapy in a New Zealand Cohort |
title_sort | starting insulin in type 2 diabetes: real-world outcomes after the first 12 months of insulin therapy in a new zealand cohort |
topic | Original Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4374070/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25680537 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13300-015-0100-8 |
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