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Lipophilic Triphenylphosphonium Cations Inhibit Mitochondrial Electron Transport Chain and Induce Mitochondrial Proton Leak

BACKGROUND: The lipophilic positively charged moiety of triphenylphosphonium (TPP(+)) has been used to target a range of biologically active compounds including antioxidants, spin-traps and other probes into mitochondria. The moiety itself, while often considered biologically inert, appears to influ...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Trnka, Jan, Elkalaf, Moustafa, Anděl, Michal
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4415762/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25927600
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0121837
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author Trnka, Jan
Elkalaf, Moustafa
Anděl, Michal
author_facet Trnka, Jan
Elkalaf, Moustafa
Anděl, Michal
author_sort Trnka, Jan
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The lipophilic positively charged moiety of triphenylphosphonium (TPP(+)) has been used to target a range of biologically active compounds including antioxidants, spin-traps and other probes into mitochondria. The moiety itself, while often considered biologically inert, appears to influence mitochondrial metabolism. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We used the Seahorse XF flux analyzer to measure the effect of a range of alkylTPP(+) on cellular respiration and further analyzed their effect on mitochondrial membrane potential and the activity of respiratory complexes. We found that the ability of alkylTPP(+) to inhibit the respiratory chain and decrease the mitochondrial membrane potential increases with the length of the alkyl chain suggesting that hydrophobicity is an important determinant of toxicity. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: More hydrophobic TPP(+) derivatives can be expected to have a negative impact on mitochondrial membrane potential and respiratory chain activity in addition to the effect of the biologically active moiety attached to them. Using shorter linker chains or adding hydrophilic functional groups may provide a means to decrease this negative effect.
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spelling pubmed-44157622015-05-07 Lipophilic Triphenylphosphonium Cations Inhibit Mitochondrial Electron Transport Chain and Induce Mitochondrial Proton Leak Trnka, Jan Elkalaf, Moustafa Anděl, Michal PLoS One Research Article BACKGROUND: The lipophilic positively charged moiety of triphenylphosphonium (TPP(+)) has been used to target a range of biologically active compounds including antioxidants, spin-traps and other probes into mitochondria. The moiety itself, while often considered biologically inert, appears to influence mitochondrial metabolism. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We used the Seahorse XF flux analyzer to measure the effect of a range of alkylTPP(+) on cellular respiration and further analyzed their effect on mitochondrial membrane potential and the activity of respiratory complexes. We found that the ability of alkylTPP(+) to inhibit the respiratory chain and decrease the mitochondrial membrane potential increases with the length of the alkyl chain suggesting that hydrophobicity is an important determinant of toxicity. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: More hydrophobic TPP(+) derivatives can be expected to have a negative impact on mitochondrial membrane potential and respiratory chain activity in addition to the effect of the biologically active moiety attached to them. Using shorter linker chains or adding hydrophilic functional groups may provide a means to decrease this negative effect. Public Library of Science 2015-04-30 /pmc/articles/PMC4415762/ /pubmed/25927600 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0121837 Text en © 2015 Trnka et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Trnka, Jan
Elkalaf, Moustafa
Anděl, Michal
Lipophilic Triphenylphosphonium Cations Inhibit Mitochondrial Electron Transport Chain and Induce Mitochondrial Proton Leak
title Lipophilic Triphenylphosphonium Cations Inhibit Mitochondrial Electron Transport Chain and Induce Mitochondrial Proton Leak
title_full Lipophilic Triphenylphosphonium Cations Inhibit Mitochondrial Electron Transport Chain and Induce Mitochondrial Proton Leak
title_fullStr Lipophilic Triphenylphosphonium Cations Inhibit Mitochondrial Electron Transport Chain and Induce Mitochondrial Proton Leak
title_full_unstemmed Lipophilic Triphenylphosphonium Cations Inhibit Mitochondrial Electron Transport Chain and Induce Mitochondrial Proton Leak
title_short Lipophilic Triphenylphosphonium Cations Inhibit Mitochondrial Electron Transport Chain and Induce Mitochondrial Proton Leak
title_sort lipophilic triphenylphosphonium cations inhibit mitochondrial electron transport chain and induce mitochondrial proton leak
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4415762/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25927600
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0121837
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