Connectivity and circuitry in a dish versus in a brain

In order to understand and find therapeutic strategies for neurological disorders, disease models that recapitulate the connectivity and circuitry of patients’ brain are needed. Owing to many limitations of animal disease models, in vitro neuronal models using patient-derived stem cells are currentl...

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Autores principales: Chinchalongporn, Vorapin, Koppensteiner, Peter, Prè, Deborah, Thangnipon, Wipawan, Bilo, Leonilda, Arancio, Ottavio
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4456047/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26045718
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13195-015-0129-y
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author Chinchalongporn, Vorapin
Koppensteiner, Peter
Prè, Deborah
Thangnipon, Wipawan
Bilo, Leonilda
Arancio, Ottavio
author_facet Chinchalongporn, Vorapin
Koppensteiner, Peter
Prè, Deborah
Thangnipon, Wipawan
Bilo, Leonilda
Arancio, Ottavio
author_sort Chinchalongporn, Vorapin
collection PubMed
description In order to understand and find therapeutic strategies for neurological disorders, disease models that recapitulate the connectivity and circuitry of patients’ brain are needed. Owing to many limitations of animal disease models, in vitro neuronal models using patient-derived stem cells are currently being developed. However, prior to employing neurons as a model in a dish, they need to be evaluated for their electrophysiological properties, including both passive and active membrane properties, dynamics of neurotransmitter release, and capacity to undergo synaptic plasticity. In this review, we survey recent attempts to study these issues in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons. Although progress has been made, there are still many hurdles to overcome before human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons can fully recapitulate all of the above physiological properties of adult mature neurons. Moreover, proper integration of neurons into pre-existing circuitry still needs to be achieved. Nevertheless, in vitro neuronal stem cell-derived models hold great promise for clinical application in neurological diseases in the future.
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spelling pubmed-44560472015-06-05 Connectivity and circuitry in a dish versus in a brain Chinchalongporn, Vorapin Koppensteiner, Peter Prè, Deborah Thangnipon, Wipawan Bilo, Leonilda Arancio, Ottavio Alzheimers Res Ther Review In order to understand and find therapeutic strategies for neurological disorders, disease models that recapitulate the connectivity and circuitry of patients’ brain are needed. Owing to many limitations of animal disease models, in vitro neuronal models using patient-derived stem cells are currently being developed. However, prior to employing neurons as a model in a dish, they need to be evaluated for their electrophysiological properties, including both passive and active membrane properties, dynamics of neurotransmitter release, and capacity to undergo synaptic plasticity. In this review, we survey recent attempts to study these issues in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons. Although progress has been made, there are still many hurdles to overcome before human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons can fully recapitulate all of the above physiological properties of adult mature neurons. Moreover, proper integration of neurons into pre-existing circuitry still needs to be achieved. Nevertheless, in vitro neuronal stem cell-derived models hold great promise for clinical application in neurological diseases in the future. BioMed Central 2015-06-04 /pmc/articles/PMC4456047/ /pubmed/26045718 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13195-015-0129-y Text en © Chinchalongporn et al.; licensee BioMed Central. 2015 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Review
Chinchalongporn, Vorapin
Koppensteiner, Peter
Prè, Deborah
Thangnipon, Wipawan
Bilo, Leonilda
Arancio, Ottavio
Connectivity and circuitry in a dish versus in a brain
title Connectivity and circuitry in a dish versus in a brain
title_full Connectivity and circuitry in a dish versus in a brain
title_fullStr Connectivity and circuitry in a dish versus in a brain
title_full_unstemmed Connectivity and circuitry in a dish versus in a brain
title_short Connectivity and circuitry in a dish versus in a brain
title_sort connectivity and circuitry in a dish versus in a brain
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4456047/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26045718
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13195-015-0129-y
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