Spatial Change of Cruciate Ligaments in Rat Embryo Knee Joint by Three-Dimensional Reconstruction
This study aimed to analyze the spatial developmental changes of rat cruciate ligaments by three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction using episcopic fluorescence image capture (EFIC). Cruciate ligaments of Wister rat embryos between embryonic day (E) 16 and E20 were analyzed. Samples were sectioned and...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4476736/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26098761 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0131092 |
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author | Zhang, Xiangkai Aoyama, Tomoki Takaishi, Ryota Higuchi, Shinya Yamada, Shigehito Kuroki, Hiroshi Takakuwa, Tetsuya |
author_facet | Zhang, Xiangkai Aoyama, Tomoki Takaishi, Ryota Higuchi, Shinya Yamada, Shigehito Kuroki, Hiroshi Takakuwa, Tetsuya |
author_sort | Zhang, Xiangkai |
collection | PubMed |
description | This study aimed to analyze the spatial developmental changes of rat cruciate ligaments by three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction using episcopic fluorescence image capture (EFIC). Cruciate ligaments of Wister rat embryos between embryonic day (E) 16 and E20 were analyzed. Samples were sectioned and visualized using EFIC. 3D reconstructions were generated using Amira software. The length of the cruciate ligaments, distances between attachment points to femur and tibia, angles of the cruciate ligaments and the cross angle of the cruciate ligaments were measured. The shape of cruciate ligaments was clearly visible at E17. The lengths of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) increased gradually from E17 to E19 and drastically at E20. Distances between attachment points to the femur and tibia gradually increased. The ACL angle and PCL angle gradually decreased. The cross angle of the cruciate ligaments changed in three planes. The primordium of the 3D structure of rat cruciate ligaments was constructed from the early stage, with the completion of the development of the structures occurring just before birth. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4476736 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-44767362015-06-25 Spatial Change of Cruciate Ligaments in Rat Embryo Knee Joint by Three-Dimensional Reconstruction Zhang, Xiangkai Aoyama, Tomoki Takaishi, Ryota Higuchi, Shinya Yamada, Shigehito Kuroki, Hiroshi Takakuwa, Tetsuya PLoS One Research Article This study aimed to analyze the spatial developmental changes of rat cruciate ligaments by three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction using episcopic fluorescence image capture (EFIC). Cruciate ligaments of Wister rat embryos between embryonic day (E) 16 and E20 were analyzed. Samples were sectioned and visualized using EFIC. 3D reconstructions were generated using Amira software. The length of the cruciate ligaments, distances between attachment points to femur and tibia, angles of the cruciate ligaments and the cross angle of the cruciate ligaments were measured. The shape of cruciate ligaments was clearly visible at E17. The lengths of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) increased gradually from E17 to E19 and drastically at E20. Distances between attachment points to the femur and tibia gradually increased. The ACL angle and PCL angle gradually decreased. The cross angle of the cruciate ligaments changed in three planes. The primordium of the 3D structure of rat cruciate ligaments was constructed from the early stage, with the completion of the development of the structures occurring just before birth. Public Library of Science 2015-06-22 /pmc/articles/PMC4476736/ /pubmed/26098761 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0131092 Text en © 2015 Zhang et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Zhang, Xiangkai Aoyama, Tomoki Takaishi, Ryota Higuchi, Shinya Yamada, Shigehito Kuroki, Hiroshi Takakuwa, Tetsuya Spatial Change of Cruciate Ligaments in Rat Embryo Knee Joint by Three-Dimensional Reconstruction |
title | Spatial Change of Cruciate Ligaments in Rat Embryo Knee Joint by Three-Dimensional Reconstruction |
title_full | Spatial Change of Cruciate Ligaments in Rat Embryo Knee Joint by Three-Dimensional Reconstruction |
title_fullStr | Spatial Change of Cruciate Ligaments in Rat Embryo Knee Joint by Three-Dimensional Reconstruction |
title_full_unstemmed | Spatial Change of Cruciate Ligaments in Rat Embryo Knee Joint by Three-Dimensional Reconstruction |
title_short | Spatial Change of Cruciate Ligaments in Rat Embryo Knee Joint by Three-Dimensional Reconstruction |
title_sort | spatial change of cruciate ligaments in rat embryo knee joint by three-dimensional reconstruction |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4476736/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26098761 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0131092 |
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