Cargando…

Rats Prone to Obesity Under a High-Carbohydrate Diet have Increased Post-Meal CCK mRNA Expression and Characteristics of Rats Fed a High-Glycemic Index Diet

We previously reported that rats prone to obesity exhibit an exaggerated increase in glucose oxidation and an exaggerated decline in lipid oxidation under a low-fat high-carbohydrate (LF/HC) diet. The aim of the present study was to investigate the mechanisms involved in these metabolic dysregulatio...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Chaumontet, Catherine, Azzout-Marniche, Dalila, Blais, Anne, Chalvon-Dermersay, Tristan, Nadkarni, Nachiket A., Piedcoq, Julien, Fromentin, Gilles, Tomé, Daniel, Even, Patrick C.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4497311/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26217667
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2015.00022
_version_ 1782380494707490816
author Chaumontet, Catherine
Azzout-Marniche, Dalila
Blais, Anne
Chalvon-Dermersay, Tristan
Nadkarni, Nachiket A.
Piedcoq, Julien
Fromentin, Gilles
Tomé, Daniel
Even, Patrick C.
author_facet Chaumontet, Catherine
Azzout-Marniche, Dalila
Blais, Anne
Chalvon-Dermersay, Tristan
Nadkarni, Nachiket A.
Piedcoq, Julien
Fromentin, Gilles
Tomé, Daniel
Even, Patrick C.
author_sort Chaumontet, Catherine
collection PubMed
description We previously reported that rats prone to obesity exhibit an exaggerated increase in glucose oxidation and an exaggerated decline in lipid oxidation under a low-fat high-carbohydrate (LF/HC) diet. The aim of the present study was to investigate the mechanisms involved in these metabolic dysregulations. After a 1-week adaptation to laboratory conditions, 48 male Wistar rats were fed a LF/HC diet for 3 weeks. During weeks 2 and 3, glucose tolerance tests (GTT), insulin tolerance tests (ITT), and meal tolerance tests (MTT) were performed to evaluate blood glucose, plasma, and insulin. Glucose and lipid oxidation were also assayed during the GTT. At the end of the study, body composition was measured in all the rats, and they were classified as carbohydrate resistant (CR) or carbohydrate sensitive (CS) according to their adiposity. Before sacrifice, 24 of the 48 rats received a calibrated LF/HC meal. Liver, muscle, and intestine tissue samples were taken to measure mRNA expression of key genes involved in glucose, lipid, and protein metabolism. ITT, GTT, and MTT showed that CS rats were neither insulin resistant nor glucose intolerant, but mRNA expression of cholecystokinin (CCK) in the duodenum was higher and that of CPT1, PPARα, and PGC1α in liver were lower than in CR rats. From these results, we make the hypothesis that in CS rats, CCK increased pancreatic secretion, which may favor a quicker absorption of carbohydrates and consequently induces an enhanced inhibition of lipid oxidation in the liver, leading to a progressive accumulation of fat preferentially in visceral deposits. Such a mechanism may explain why CS rats share many characteristics observed in rats fed a high-glycemic index diet.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-4497311
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2015
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-44973112015-07-27 Rats Prone to Obesity Under a High-Carbohydrate Diet have Increased Post-Meal CCK mRNA Expression and Characteristics of Rats Fed a High-Glycemic Index Diet Chaumontet, Catherine Azzout-Marniche, Dalila Blais, Anne Chalvon-Dermersay, Tristan Nadkarni, Nachiket A. Piedcoq, Julien Fromentin, Gilles Tomé, Daniel Even, Patrick C. Front Nutr Nutrition We previously reported that rats prone to obesity exhibit an exaggerated increase in glucose oxidation and an exaggerated decline in lipid oxidation under a low-fat high-carbohydrate (LF/HC) diet. The aim of the present study was to investigate the mechanisms involved in these metabolic dysregulations. After a 1-week adaptation to laboratory conditions, 48 male Wistar rats were fed a LF/HC diet for 3 weeks. During weeks 2 and 3, glucose tolerance tests (GTT), insulin tolerance tests (ITT), and meal tolerance tests (MTT) were performed to evaluate blood glucose, plasma, and insulin. Glucose and lipid oxidation were also assayed during the GTT. At the end of the study, body composition was measured in all the rats, and they were classified as carbohydrate resistant (CR) or carbohydrate sensitive (CS) according to their adiposity. Before sacrifice, 24 of the 48 rats received a calibrated LF/HC meal. Liver, muscle, and intestine tissue samples were taken to measure mRNA expression of key genes involved in glucose, lipid, and protein metabolism. ITT, GTT, and MTT showed that CS rats were neither insulin resistant nor glucose intolerant, but mRNA expression of cholecystokinin (CCK) in the duodenum was higher and that of CPT1, PPARα, and PGC1α in liver were lower than in CR rats. From these results, we make the hypothesis that in CS rats, CCK increased pancreatic secretion, which may favor a quicker absorption of carbohydrates and consequently induces an enhanced inhibition of lipid oxidation in the liver, leading to a progressive accumulation of fat preferentially in visceral deposits. Such a mechanism may explain why CS rats share many characteristics observed in rats fed a high-glycemic index diet. Frontiers Media S.A. 2015-07-09 /pmc/articles/PMC4497311/ /pubmed/26217667 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2015.00022 Text en Copyright © 2015 Chaumontet, Azzout-Marniche, Blais, Chalvon-Dermersay, Nadkarni, Piedcoq, Fromentin, Tomé and Even. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Nutrition
Chaumontet, Catherine
Azzout-Marniche, Dalila
Blais, Anne
Chalvon-Dermersay, Tristan
Nadkarni, Nachiket A.
Piedcoq, Julien
Fromentin, Gilles
Tomé, Daniel
Even, Patrick C.
Rats Prone to Obesity Under a High-Carbohydrate Diet have Increased Post-Meal CCK mRNA Expression and Characteristics of Rats Fed a High-Glycemic Index Diet
title Rats Prone to Obesity Under a High-Carbohydrate Diet have Increased Post-Meal CCK mRNA Expression and Characteristics of Rats Fed a High-Glycemic Index Diet
title_full Rats Prone to Obesity Under a High-Carbohydrate Diet have Increased Post-Meal CCK mRNA Expression and Characteristics of Rats Fed a High-Glycemic Index Diet
title_fullStr Rats Prone to Obesity Under a High-Carbohydrate Diet have Increased Post-Meal CCK mRNA Expression and Characteristics of Rats Fed a High-Glycemic Index Diet
title_full_unstemmed Rats Prone to Obesity Under a High-Carbohydrate Diet have Increased Post-Meal CCK mRNA Expression and Characteristics of Rats Fed a High-Glycemic Index Diet
title_short Rats Prone to Obesity Under a High-Carbohydrate Diet have Increased Post-Meal CCK mRNA Expression and Characteristics of Rats Fed a High-Glycemic Index Diet
title_sort rats prone to obesity under a high-carbohydrate diet have increased post-meal cck mrna expression and characteristics of rats fed a high-glycemic index diet
topic Nutrition
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4497311/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26217667
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2015.00022
work_keys_str_mv AT chaumontetcatherine ratspronetoobesityunderahighcarbohydratediethaveincreasedpostmealcckmrnaexpressionandcharacteristicsofratsfedahighglycemicindexdiet
AT azzoutmarnichedalila ratspronetoobesityunderahighcarbohydratediethaveincreasedpostmealcckmrnaexpressionandcharacteristicsofratsfedahighglycemicindexdiet
AT blaisanne ratspronetoobesityunderahighcarbohydratediethaveincreasedpostmealcckmrnaexpressionandcharacteristicsofratsfedahighglycemicindexdiet
AT chalvondermersaytristan ratspronetoobesityunderahighcarbohydratediethaveincreasedpostmealcckmrnaexpressionandcharacteristicsofratsfedahighglycemicindexdiet
AT nadkarninachiketa ratspronetoobesityunderahighcarbohydratediethaveincreasedpostmealcckmrnaexpressionandcharacteristicsofratsfedahighglycemicindexdiet
AT piedcoqjulien ratspronetoobesityunderahighcarbohydratediethaveincreasedpostmealcckmrnaexpressionandcharacteristicsofratsfedahighglycemicindexdiet
AT fromentingilles ratspronetoobesityunderahighcarbohydratediethaveincreasedpostmealcckmrnaexpressionandcharacteristicsofratsfedahighglycemicindexdiet
AT tomedaniel ratspronetoobesityunderahighcarbohydratediethaveincreasedpostmealcckmrnaexpressionandcharacteristicsofratsfedahighglycemicindexdiet
AT evenpatrickc ratspronetoobesityunderahighcarbohydratediethaveincreasedpostmealcckmrnaexpressionandcharacteristicsofratsfedahighglycemicindexdiet