Illicit Heroin and Methamphetamine Use among Methadone Maintenance Treatment Patients in Dehong Prefecture of Yunnan Province, China

OBJECTIVE: Methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) was introduced to China in 2004 to reduce the harm of injecting drug users (IDUs). However, little is known about continued drug use, especially methamphetamine (MAMP), among MMT patients. METHODS: A survey was conducted among patients attending five...

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Autores principales: Wang, Rongrong, Ding, Yingying, Bai, Hongling, Duan, Song, Ye, Runhua, Yang, Yuecheng, Wang, Jibao, Tang, Renhai, Gao, Meiyang, He, Na
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4510060/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26196394
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0133431
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author Wang, Rongrong
Ding, Yingying
Bai, Hongling
Duan, Song
Ye, Runhua
Yang, Yuecheng
Wang, Jibao
Tang, Renhai
Gao, Meiyang
He, Na
author_facet Wang, Rongrong
Ding, Yingying
Bai, Hongling
Duan, Song
Ye, Runhua
Yang, Yuecheng
Wang, Jibao
Tang, Renhai
Gao, Meiyang
He, Na
author_sort Wang, Rongrong
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVE: Methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) was introduced to China in 2004 to reduce the harm of injecting drug users (IDUs). However, little is known about continued drug use, especially methamphetamine (MAMP), among MMT patients. METHODS: A survey was conducted among patients attending five major MMT clinics in Dehong Prefecture in 2014 to investigate the heroin and MAMP use and their associated risk factors. Participants were administered with face-to-face interviews, and urine tests for morphine and MAMP. RESULTS: A total of 2,121 were eligible and participated in the study. Among them, 220 (10.4%) were only positive for morphine, 12.9% were only positive for MAMP, and 196 (9.2%) were positive for both morphine and MAMP. Compared with neither use of heroin nor MAMP during MMT, heroin use (not using MAMP) was associated with ethnicity, shorter duration of MMT, lower dose of methadone, and having had no more than two sex partners in the past year; MAMP use (not using heroin) was associated with ethnicity, longer duration of MMT, higher dose of methadone and being aged <30 years (vs. ≥50 years); use of both heroin and MAMP was associated with being Dai minority (vs. Han), a marital status of divorced or widowed, having used drugs for ≥10 years and shorter duration of MMT. CONCLUSION: These findings indicate the complexity in the treatment of heroin users and underscore the importance in prescribing appropriate methadone dosages in order to reduce both heroin and MAMP use.
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spelling pubmed-45100602015-07-24 Illicit Heroin and Methamphetamine Use among Methadone Maintenance Treatment Patients in Dehong Prefecture of Yunnan Province, China Wang, Rongrong Ding, Yingying Bai, Hongling Duan, Song Ye, Runhua Yang, Yuecheng Wang, Jibao Tang, Renhai Gao, Meiyang He, Na PLoS One Research Article OBJECTIVE: Methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) was introduced to China in 2004 to reduce the harm of injecting drug users (IDUs). However, little is known about continued drug use, especially methamphetamine (MAMP), among MMT patients. METHODS: A survey was conducted among patients attending five major MMT clinics in Dehong Prefecture in 2014 to investigate the heroin and MAMP use and their associated risk factors. Participants were administered with face-to-face interviews, and urine tests for morphine and MAMP. RESULTS: A total of 2,121 were eligible and participated in the study. Among them, 220 (10.4%) were only positive for morphine, 12.9% were only positive for MAMP, and 196 (9.2%) were positive for both morphine and MAMP. Compared with neither use of heroin nor MAMP during MMT, heroin use (not using MAMP) was associated with ethnicity, shorter duration of MMT, lower dose of methadone, and having had no more than two sex partners in the past year; MAMP use (not using heroin) was associated with ethnicity, longer duration of MMT, higher dose of methadone and being aged <30 years (vs. ≥50 years); use of both heroin and MAMP was associated with being Dai minority (vs. Han), a marital status of divorced or widowed, having used drugs for ≥10 years and shorter duration of MMT. CONCLUSION: These findings indicate the complexity in the treatment of heroin users and underscore the importance in prescribing appropriate methadone dosages in order to reduce both heroin and MAMP use. Public Library of Science 2015-07-21 /pmc/articles/PMC4510060/ /pubmed/26196394 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0133431 Text en © 2015 Wang et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Wang, Rongrong
Ding, Yingying
Bai, Hongling
Duan, Song
Ye, Runhua
Yang, Yuecheng
Wang, Jibao
Tang, Renhai
Gao, Meiyang
He, Na
Illicit Heroin and Methamphetamine Use among Methadone Maintenance Treatment Patients in Dehong Prefecture of Yunnan Province, China
title Illicit Heroin and Methamphetamine Use among Methadone Maintenance Treatment Patients in Dehong Prefecture of Yunnan Province, China
title_full Illicit Heroin and Methamphetamine Use among Methadone Maintenance Treatment Patients in Dehong Prefecture of Yunnan Province, China
title_fullStr Illicit Heroin and Methamphetamine Use among Methadone Maintenance Treatment Patients in Dehong Prefecture of Yunnan Province, China
title_full_unstemmed Illicit Heroin and Methamphetamine Use among Methadone Maintenance Treatment Patients in Dehong Prefecture of Yunnan Province, China
title_short Illicit Heroin and Methamphetamine Use among Methadone Maintenance Treatment Patients in Dehong Prefecture of Yunnan Province, China
title_sort illicit heroin and methamphetamine use among methadone maintenance treatment patients in dehong prefecture of yunnan province, china
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4510060/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26196394
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0133431
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