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The Influence of Sub-Unit Composition and Expression System on the Functional Antibody Response in the Development of a VAR2CSA Based Plasmodium falciparum Placental Malaria Vaccine
The disease caused by Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) involves different clinical manifestations that, cumulatively, kill hundreds of thousands every year. Placental malaria (PM) is one such manifestation in which Pf infected erythrocytes (IE) bind to chondroitin sulphate A (CSA) through expression of VA...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4556615/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26327283 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0135406 |
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author | Nielsen, Morten A. Resende, Mafalda de Jongh, Willem A. Ditlev, Sisse B. Mordmüller, Benjamin Houard, Sophie Ndam, Nicaise Tuikue Agerbæk, Mette Ø. Hamborg, Mette Massougbodji, Achille Issifou, Saddou Strøbæk, Anette Poulsen, Lars Leroy, Odile Kremsner, Peter G. Chippaux, Jean-Philippe Luty, Adrian J. F. Deloron, Philippe Theander, Thor G. Dyring, Charlotte Salanti, Ali |
author_facet | Nielsen, Morten A. Resende, Mafalda de Jongh, Willem A. Ditlev, Sisse B. Mordmüller, Benjamin Houard, Sophie Ndam, Nicaise Tuikue Agerbæk, Mette Ø. Hamborg, Mette Massougbodji, Achille Issifou, Saddou Strøbæk, Anette Poulsen, Lars Leroy, Odile Kremsner, Peter G. Chippaux, Jean-Philippe Luty, Adrian J. F. Deloron, Philippe Theander, Thor G. Dyring, Charlotte Salanti, Ali |
author_sort | Nielsen, Morten A. |
collection | PubMed |
description | The disease caused by Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) involves different clinical manifestations that, cumulatively, kill hundreds of thousands every year. Placental malaria (PM) is one such manifestation in which Pf infected erythrocytes (IE) bind to chondroitin sulphate A (CSA) through expression of VAR2CSA, a parasite-derived antigen. Protection against PM is mediated by antibodies that inhibit binding of IE in the placental intervillous space. VAR2CSA is a large antigen incompatible with large scale recombinant protein expression. Vaccines based on sub-units encompassing the functionally constrained receptor-binding domains may, theoretically, circumvent polymorphisms, reduce the risk of escape-mutants and induce cross-reactive antibodies. However, the sub-unit composition and small differences in the borders, may lead to exposure of novel immuno-dominant antibody epitopes that lead to non-functional antibodies, and furthermore influence the folding, stability and yield of expression. Candidate antigens from the pre-clinical development expressed in High-Five insect cells using the baculovirus expression vector system were transitioned into the Drosophila Schneider-2 cell (S2) expression-system compliant with clinical development. The functional capacity of antibodies against antigens expressed in High-Five cells or in S2 cells was equivalent. This enabled an extensive down-selection of S2 insect cell-expressed antigens primarily encompassing the minimal CSA-binding region of VAR2CSA. In general, we found differential potency of inhibitory antibodies against antigens with the same borders but of different var2csa sequences. Likewise, we found that subtle size differences in antigens of the same sequence gave varying levels of inhibitory antibodies. The study shows that induction of a functional response against recombinant subunits of the VAR2CSA antigen is unpredictable, demonstrating the need for large-scale screening in order to identify antigens that induce a broadly strain-transcending antibody response. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4556615 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-45566152015-09-10 The Influence of Sub-Unit Composition and Expression System on the Functional Antibody Response in the Development of a VAR2CSA Based Plasmodium falciparum Placental Malaria Vaccine Nielsen, Morten A. Resende, Mafalda de Jongh, Willem A. Ditlev, Sisse B. Mordmüller, Benjamin Houard, Sophie Ndam, Nicaise Tuikue Agerbæk, Mette Ø. Hamborg, Mette Massougbodji, Achille Issifou, Saddou Strøbæk, Anette Poulsen, Lars Leroy, Odile Kremsner, Peter G. Chippaux, Jean-Philippe Luty, Adrian J. F. Deloron, Philippe Theander, Thor G. Dyring, Charlotte Salanti, Ali PLoS One Research Article The disease caused by Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) involves different clinical manifestations that, cumulatively, kill hundreds of thousands every year. Placental malaria (PM) is one such manifestation in which Pf infected erythrocytes (IE) bind to chondroitin sulphate A (CSA) through expression of VAR2CSA, a parasite-derived antigen. Protection against PM is mediated by antibodies that inhibit binding of IE in the placental intervillous space. VAR2CSA is a large antigen incompatible with large scale recombinant protein expression. Vaccines based on sub-units encompassing the functionally constrained receptor-binding domains may, theoretically, circumvent polymorphisms, reduce the risk of escape-mutants and induce cross-reactive antibodies. However, the sub-unit composition and small differences in the borders, may lead to exposure of novel immuno-dominant antibody epitopes that lead to non-functional antibodies, and furthermore influence the folding, stability and yield of expression. Candidate antigens from the pre-clinical development expressed in High-Five insect cells using the baculovirus expression vector system were transitioned into the Drosophila Schneider-2 cell (S2) expression-system compliant with clinical development. The functional capacity of antibodies against antigens expressed in High-Five cells or in S2 cells was equivalent. This enabled an extensive down-selection of S2 insect cell-expressed antigens primarily encompassing the minimal CSA-binding region of VAR2CSA. In general, we found differential potency of inhibitory antibodies against antigens with the same borders but of different var2csa sequences. Likewise, we found that subtle size differences in antigens of the same sequence gave varying levels of inhibitory antibodies. The study shows that induction of a functional response against recombinant subunits of the VAR2CSA antigen is unpredictable, demonstrating the need for large-scale screening in order to identify antigens that induce a broadly strain-transcending antibody response. Public Library of Science 2015-09-01 /pmc/articles/PMC4556615/ /pubmed/26327283 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0135406 Text en © 2015 Nielsen et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Nielsen, Morten A. Resende, Mafalda de Jongh, Willem A. Ditlev, Sisse B. Mordmüller, Benjamin Houard, Sophie Ndam, Nicaise Tuikue Agerbæk, Mette Ø. Hamborg, Mette Massougbodji, Achille Issifou, Saddou Strøbæk, Anette Poulsen, Lars Leroy, Odile Kremsner, Peter G. Chippaux, Jean-Philippe Luty, Adrian J. F. Deloron, Philippe Theander, Thor G. Dyring, Charlotte Salanti, Ali The Influence of Sub-Unit Composition and Expression System on the Functional Antibody Response in the Development of a VAR2CSA Based Plasmodium falciparum Placental Malaria Vaccine |
title | The Influence of Sub-Unit Composition and Expression System on the Functional Antibody Response in the Development of a VAR2CSA Based Plasmodium falciparum Placental Malaria Vaccine |
title_full | The Influence of Sub-Unit Composition and Expression System on the Functional Antibody Response in the Development of a VAR2CSA Based Plasmodium falciparum Placental Malaria Vaccine |
title_fullStr | The Influence of Sub-Unit Composition and Expression System on the Functional Antibody Response in the Development of a VAR2CSA Based Plasmodium falciparum Placental Malaria Vaccine |
title_full_unstemmed | The Influence of Sub-Unit Composition and Expression System on the Functional Antibody Response in the Development of a VAR2CSA Based Plasmodium falciparum Placental Malaria Vaccine |
title_short | The Influence of Sub-Unit Composition and Expression System on the Functional Antibody Response in the Development of a VAR2CSA Based Plasmodium falciparum Placental Malaria Vaccine |
title_sort | influence of sub-unit composition and expression system on the functional antibody response in the development of a var2csa based plasmodium falciparum placental malaria vaccine |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4556615/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26327283 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0135406 |
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