Urbanization Increases Pathogen Pressure on Feral and Managed Honey Bees

Given the role of infectious disease in global pollinator decline, there is a need to understand factors that shape pathogen susceptibility and transmission in bees. Here we ask how urbanization affects the immune response and pathogen load of feral and managed colonies of honey bees (Apis mellifera...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Youngsteadt, Elsa, Appler, R. Holden, López-Uribe, Margarita M., Tarpy, David R., Frank, Steven D.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2015
Materias:
Research Article
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4633120/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26536606
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0142031

Internet

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4633120/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26536606
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0142031

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