Oxygen transfer rate identifies priming compounds in parsley cells

BACKGROUND: In modern agriculture, the call for an alternative crop protection strategy increases because of the desired reduction of fungicide and pesticide use and the continuously evolving resistance of pathogens and pests to agrochemicals. The direct activation of the plant immune system does no...

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Autores principales: Schilling, Jana Viola, Schillheim, Britta, Mahr, Stefan, Reufer, Yannik, Sanjoyo, Sandi, Conrath, Uwe, Büchs, Jochen
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4660667/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26608728
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12870-015-0666-3
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author Schilling, Jana Viola
Schillheim, Britta
Mahr, Stefan
Reufer, Yannik
Sanjoyo, Sandi
Conrath, Uwe
Büchs, Jochen
author_facet Schilling, Jana Viola
Schillheim, Britta
Mahr, Stefan
Reufer, Yannik
Sanjoyo, Sandi
Conrath, Uwe
Büchs, Jochen
author_sort Schilling, Jana Viola
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: In modern agriculture, the call for an alternative crop protection strategy increases because of the desired reduction of fungicide and pesticide use and the continuously evolving resistance of pathogens and pests to agrochemicals. The direct activation of the plant immune system does not provide a promising plant protection measure because of high fitness costs. However, upon treatment with certain natural or synthetic compounds, plant cells can promote to a fitness cost-saving, primed state of enhanced defense. In the primed state, plants respond to biotic and abiotic stress with faster and stronger activation of defense, and this is often associated with immunity and abiotic stress tolerance. Until now, the identification of chemical compounds with priming-inducing activity (so-called plant activators) relied on tedious and invasive approaches, or required the late detection of secreted furanocoumarin phytoalexins in parsley cell cultures. Thus, simple, fast, straightforward, and noninvasive techniques for identifying priming-inducing compounds for plant protection are very welcome. RESULTS: This report demonstrates that a respiration activity-monitoring system (RAMOS) can identify compounds with defense priming-inducing activity in parsley cell suspension in culture. RAMOS relies on the quasi-continuous, noninvasive online determination of the oxygen transfer rate (OTR). Treatment of parsley culture cells with the known plant activator salicylic acid (SA), a natural plant defense signal, resulted in an OTR increase. Addition of the defense elicitor Pep13, a cell wall peptide of Phythophthora sojae, induced two distinctive OTR peaks that were higher in SA-primed cells than in unprimed cells upon Pep13 challenge. Both, the OTR increase after priming with SA and the Pep13 challenge were dose-dependent. Furthermore, there was a close correlation of a compound’s activity to enhance the oxygen consumption in parsley cells and its capacity to prime Pep13-induced furanocoumarin secretion as evaluated by fluorescence spectroscopy. CONCLUSIONS: RAMOS noninvasively determines the OTR as a measure of the metabolic activity of plant cells. Chemical enhancement of oxygen consumption by salicylic derivatives in parsley cell suspension cultures correlates with the induction of the primed state of enhanced defense that enhances the quantity of Pep13-induced furanocoumarin phytoalexins. Treatment with the priming-active compounds methyl jasmonate and pyraclostrobin also resulted in an enhanced respiration activity. Thus, RAMOS is a novel technology for identifying priming-inducing compounds for agriculture. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12870-015-0666-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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spelling pubmed-46606672015-11-27 Oxygen transfer rate identifies priming compounds in parsley cells Schilling, Jana Viola Schillheim, Britta Mahr, Stefan Reufer, Yannik Sanjoyo, Sandi Conrath, Uwe Büchs, Jochen BMC Plant Biol Research Article BACKGROUND: In modern agriculture, the call for an alternative crop protection strategy increases because of the desired reduction of fungicide and pesticide use and the continuously evolving resistance of pathogens and pests to agrochemicals. The direct activation of the plant immune system does not provide a promising plant protection measure because of high fitness costs. However, upon treatment with certain natural or synthetic compounds, plant cells can promote to a fitness cost-saving, primed state of enhanced defense. In the primed state, plants respond to biotic and abiotic stress with faster and stronger activation of defense, and this is often associated with immunity and abiotic stress tolerance. Until now, the identification of chemical compounds with priming-inducing activity (so-called plant activators) relied on tedious and invasive approaches, or required the late detection of secreted furanocoumarin phytoalexins in parsley cell cultures. Thus, simple, fast, straightforward, and noninvasive techniques for identifying priming-inducing compounds for plant protection are very welcome. RESULTS: This report demonstrates that a respiration activity-monitoring system (RAMOS) can identify compounds with defense priming-inducing activity in parsley cell suspension in culture. RAMOS relies on the quasi-continuous, noninvasive online determination of the oxygen transfer rate (OTR). Treatment of parsley culture cells with the known plant activator salicylic acid (SA), a natural plant defense signal, resulted in an OTR increase. Addition of the defense elicitor Pep13, a cell wall peptide of Phythophthora sojae, induced two distinctive OTR peaks that were higher in SA-primed cells than in unprimed cells upon Pep13 challenge. Both, the OTR increase after priming with SA and the Pep13 challenge were dose-dependent. Furthermore, there was a close correlation of a compound’s activity to enhance the oxygen consumption in parsley cells and its capacity to prime Pep13-induced furanocoumarin secretion as evaluated by fluorescence spectroscopy. CONCLUSIONS: RAMOS noninvasively determines the OTR as a measure of the metabolic activity of plant cells. Chemical enhancement of oxygen consumption by salicylic derivatives in parsley cell suspension cultures correlates with the induction of the primed state of enhanced defense that enhances the quantity of Pep13-induced furanocoumarin phytoalexins. Treatment with the priming-active compounds methyl jasmonate and pyraclostrobin also resulted in an enhanced respiration activity. Thus, RAMOS is a novel technology for identifying priming-inducing compounds for agriculture. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12870-015-0666-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. BioMed Central 2015-11-25 /pmc/articles/PMC4660667/ /pubmed/26608728 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12870-015-0666-3 Text en © Schilling et al. 2015 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research Article
Schilling, Jana Viola
Schillheim, Britta
Mahr, Stefan
Reufer, Yannik
Sanjoyo, Sandi
Conrath, Uwe
Büchs, Jochen
Oxygen transfer rate identifies priming compounds in parsley cells
title Oxygen transfer rate identifies priming compounds in parsley cells
title_full Oxygen transfer rate identifies priming compounds in parsley cells
title_fullStr Oxygen transfer rate identifies priming compounds in parsley cells
title_full_unstemmed Oxygen transfer rate identifies priming compounds in parsley cells
title_short Oxygen transfer rate identifies priming compounds in parsley cells
title_sort oxygen transfer rate identifies priming compounds in parsley cells
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4660667/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26608728
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12870-015-0666-3
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