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Mechanisms of Drug Resistance in Relapse and Refractory Multiple Myeloma
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological malignancy that remains incurable because most patients eventually relapse or become refractory to current treatments. Although the treatments have improved, the major problem in MM is resistance to therapy. Clonal evolution of MM cells and bone marrow microe...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4663284/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26649299 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/341430 |
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author | Yang, Wen-Chi Lin, Sheng-Fung |
author_facet | Yang, Wen-Chi Lin, Sheng-Fung |
author_sort | Yang, Wen-Chi |
collection | PubMed |
description | Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological malignancy that remains incurable because most patients eventually relapse or become refractory to current treatments. Although the treatments have improved, the major problem in MM is resistance to therapy. Clonal evolution of MM cells and bone marrow microenvironment changes contribute to drug resistance. Some mechanisms affect both MM cells and microenvironment, including the up- and downregulation of microRNAs and programmed death factor 1 (PD-1)/PD-L1 interaction. Here, we review the pathogenesis of MM cells and bone marrow microenvironment and highlight possible drug resistance mechanisms. We also review a potential molecular targeting treatment and immunotherapy for patients with refractory or relapse MM. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4663284 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | Hindawi Publishing Corporation |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-46632842015-12-08 Mechanisms of Drug Resistance in Relapse and Refractory Multiple Myeloma Yang, Wen-Chi Lin, Sheng-Fung Biomed Res Int Review Article Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological malignancy that remains incurable because most patients eventually relapse or become refractory to current treatments. Although the treatments have improved, the major problem in MM is resistance to therapy. Clonal evolution of MM cells and bone marrow microenvironment changes contribute to drug resistance. Some mechanisms affect both MM cells and microenvironment, including the up- and downregulation of microRNAs and programmed death factor 1 (PD-1)/PD-L1 interaction. Here, we review the pathogenesis of MM cells and bone marrow microenvironment and highlight possible drug resistance mechanisms. We also review a potential molecular targeting treatment and immunotherapy for patients with refractory or relapse MM. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2015 2015-11-16 /pmc/articles/PMC4663284/ /pubmed/26649299 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/341430 Text en Copyright © 2015 W.-C. Yang and S.-F. Lin. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Review Article Yang, Wen-Chi Lin, Sheng-Fung Mechanisms of Drug Resistance in Relapse and Refractory Multiple Myeloma |
title | Mechanisms of Drug Resistance in Relapse and Refractory Multiple Myeloma |
title_full | Mechanisms of Drug Resistance in Relapse and Refractory Multiple Myeloma |
title_fullStr | Mechanisms of Drug Resistance in Relapse and Refractory Multiple Myeloma |
title_full_unstemmed | Mechanisms of Drug Resistance in Relapse and Refractory Multiple Myeloma |
title_short | Mechanisms of Drug Resistance in Relapse and Refractory Multiple Myeloma |
title_sort | mechanisms of drug resistance in relapse and refractory multiple myeloma |
topic | Review Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4663284/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26649299 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/341430 |
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