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Retinoid X receptor α enhances human cholangiocarcinoma growth through simultaneous activation of Wnt/β‐catenin and nuclear factor‐κB pathways
Retinoid X receptor α (RXRα) plays important roles in the malignancy of several cancers such as human prostate tumor, breast cancer, and thyroid tumor. However, its exact functions and molecular mechanisms in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), a chemoresistant carcinoma with poor prognosis, remain unclear. I...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
John Wiley and Sons Inc.
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4714697/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26310932 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cas.12802 |
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author | Huang, Gui‐Li Zhang, Wei Ren, Hong‐Yue Shen, Xue‐Ying Chen, Qing‐Xi Shen, Dong‐Yan |
author_facet | Huang, Gui‐Li Zhang, Wei Ren, Hong‐Yue Shen, Xue‐Ying Chen, Qing‐Xi Shen, Dong‐Yan |
author_sort | Huang, Gui‐Li |
collection | PubMed |
description | Retinoid X receptor α (RXRα) plays important roles in the malignancy of several cancers such as human prostate tumor, breast cancer, and thyroid tumor. However, its exact functions and molecular mechanisms in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), a chemoresistant carcinoma with poor prognosis, remain unclear. In this study we found that RXRα was frequently overexpressed in human CCA tissues and CCA cell lines. Downregulation of RXRα led to decreased expression of mitosis‐promoting factors including cyclin D1and cyclin E, and the proliferating cell nuclear antigen, as well as increased expression of cell cycle inhibitor p21, resulting in inhibition of CCA cell proliferation. Furthermore, RXRα knockdown attenuated the expression of cyclin D1 through suppression of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling. Retinoid X receptor α upregulated proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression through nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) pathways, paralleled with downregulation of p21. Thus, the Wnt/β‐catenin and NF‐κB pathways account for the inhibition of CCA cell growth induced by RXRα downregulation. Retinoid X receptor α plays an important role in proliferation of CCA through simultaneous activation of Wnt/β‐catenin and NF‐κB pathways, indicating that RXRα might serve as a potential molecular target for CCA treatment. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4714697 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | John Wiley and Sons Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-47146972016-01-22 Retinoid X receptor α enhances human cholangiocarcinoma growth through simultaneous activation of Wnt/β‐catenin and nuclear factor‐κB pathways Huang, Gui‐Li Zhang, Wei Ren, Hong‐Yue Shen, Xue‐Ying Chen, Qing‐Xi Shen, Dong‐Yan Cancer Sci Original Articles Retinoid X receptor α (RXRα) plays important roles in the malignancy of several cancers such as human prostate tumor, breast cancer, and thyroid tumor. However, its exact functions and molecular mechanisms in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), a chemoresistant carcinoma with poor prognosis, remain unclear. In this study we found that RXRα was frequently overexpressed in human CCA tissues and CCA cell lines. Downregulation of RXRα led to decreased expression of mitosis‐promoting factors including cyclin D1and cyclin E, and the proliferating cell nuclear antigen, as well as increased expression of cell cycle inhibitor p21, resulting in inhibition of CCA cell proliferation. Furthermore, RXRα knockdown attenuated the expression of cyclin D1 through suppression of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling. Retinoid X receptor α upregulated proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression through nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) pathways, paralleled with downregulation of p21. Thus, the Wnt/β‐catenin and NF‐κB pathways account for the inhibition of CCA cell growth induced by RXRα downregulation. Retinoid X receptor α plays an important role in proliferation of CCA through simultaneous activation of Wnt/β‐catenin and NF‐κB pathways, indicating that RXRα might serve as a potential molecular target for CCA treatment. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2015-10-07 2015-11 /pmc/articles/PMC4714697/ /pubmed/26310932 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cas.12802 Text en © 2015 The Authors. Cancer Science published by Wiley Publishing Asia Pty Ltd on behalf of Japanese Cancer Association. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution‐NonCommercial‐NoDerivs (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made. |
spellingShingle | Original Articles Huang, Gui‐Li Zhang, Wei Ren, Hong‐Yue Shen, Xue‐Ying Chen, Qing‐Xi Shen, Dong‐Yan Retinoid X receptor α enhances human cholangiocarcinoma growth through simultaneous activation of Wnt/β‐catenin and nuclear factor‐κB pathways |
title | Retinoid X receptor α enhances human cholangiocarcinoma growth through simultaneous activation of Wnt/β‐catenin and nuclear factor‐κB pathways |
title_full | Retinoid X receptor α enhances human cholangiocarcinoma growth through simultaneous activation of Wnt/β‐catenin and nuclear factor‐κB pathways |
title_fullStr | Retinoid X receptor α enhances human cholangiocarcinoma growth through simultaneous activation of Wnt/β‐catenin and nuclear factor‐κB pathways |
title_full_unstemmed | Retinoid X receptor α enhances human cholangiocarcinoma growth through simultaneous activation of Wnt/β‐catenin and nuclear factor‐κB pathways |
title_short | Retinoid X receptor α enhances human cholangiocarcinoma growth through simultaneous activation of Wnt/β‐catenin and nuclear factor‐κB pathways |
title_sort | retinoid x receptor α enhances human cholangiocarcinoma growth through simultaneous activation of wnt/β‐catenin and nuclear factor‐κb pathways |
topic | Original Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4714697/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26310932 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cas.12802 |
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