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Suppression of Endogenous Glucose Production by Isoleucine and Valine and Impact of Diet Composition
Leucine has been shown to acutely inhibit hepatic glucose production in rodents by a mechanism requiring its metabolism to acetyl-CoA in the mediobasal hypothalamus (MBH). In the early stages, all branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) are metabolized by a shared set of enzymes to produce a ketoacid, whi...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2016
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4772043/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26891318 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu8020079 |
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author | Arrieta-Cruz, Isabel Su, Ya Gutiérrez-Juárez, Roger |
author_facet | Arrieta-Cruz, Isabel Su, Ya Gutiérrez-Juárez, Roger |
author_sort | Arrieta-Cruz, Isabel |
collection | PubMed |
description | Leucine has been shown to acutely inhibit hepatic glucose production in rodents by a mechanism requiring its metabolism to acetyl-CoA in the mediobasal hypothalamus (MBH). In the early stages, all branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) are metabolized by a shared set of enzymes to produce a ketoacid, which is later metabolized to acetyl-CoA. Consequently, isoleucine and valine may also modulate glucose metabolism. To examine this possibility we performed intrahypothalamic infusions of isoleucine or valine in rats and assessed whole body glucose kinetics under basal conditions and during euglycemic pancreatic clamps. Furthermore, because high fat diet (HFD) consumption is known to interfere with central glucoregulation, we also asked whether the action of BCAAs was affected by HFD. We fed rats a lard-rich diet for a short interval and examined their response to central leucine. The results showed that both isoleucine and valine individually lowered blood glucose by decreasing liver glucose production. Furthermore, the action of the BCAA leucine was markedly attenuated by HFD feeding. We conclude that all three BCAAs centrally modulate glucose metabolism in the liver and that their action is disrupted by HFD-induced insulin resistance. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4772043 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-47720432016-03-08 Suppression of Endogenous Glucose Production by Isoleucine and Valine and Impact of Diet Composition Arrieta-Cruz, Isabel Su, Ya Gutiérrez-Juárez, Roger Nutrients Article Leucine has been shown to acutely inhibit hepatic glucose production in rodents by a mechanism requiring its metabolism to acetyl-CoA in the mediobasal hypothalamus (MBH). In the early stages, all branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) are metabolized by a shared set of enzymes to produce a ketoacid, which is later metabolized to acetyl-CoA. Consequently, isoleucine and valine may also modulate glucose metabolism. To examine this possibility we performed intrahypothalamic infusions of isoleucine or valine in rats and assessed whole body glucose kinetics under basal conditions and during euglycemic pancreatic clamps. Furthermore, because high fat diet (HFD) consumption is known to interfere with central glucoregulation, we also asked whether the action of BCAAs was affected by HFD. We fed rats a lard-rich diet for a short interval and examined their response to central leucine. The results showed that both isoleucine and valine individually lowered blood glucose by decreasing liver glucose production. Furthermore, the action of the BCAA leucine was markedly attenuated by HFD feeding. We conclude that all three BCAAs centrally modulate glucose metabolism in the liver and that their action is disrupted by HFD-induced insulin resistance. MDPI 2016-02-15 /pmc/articles/PMC4772043/ /pubmed/26891318 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu8020079 Text en © 2016 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons by Attribution (CC-BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Arrieta-Cruz, Isabel Su, Ya Gutiérrez-Juárez, Roger Suppression of Endogenous Glucose Production by Isoleucine and Valine and Impact of Diet Composition |
title | Suppression of Endogenous Glucose Production by Isoleucine and Valine and Impact of Diet Composition |
title_full | Suppression of Endogenous Glucose Production by Isoleucine and Valine and Impact of Diet Composition |
title_fullStr | Suppression of Endogenous Glucose Production by Isoleucine and Valine and Impact of Diet Composition |
title_full_unstemmed | Suppression of Endogenous Glucose Production by Isoleucine and Valine and Impact of Diet Composition |
title_short | Suppression of Endogenous Glucose Production by Isoleucine and Valine and Impact of Diet Composition |
title_sort | suppression of endogenous glucose production by isoleucine and valine and impact of diet composition |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4772043/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26891318 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu8020079 |
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