The Validity and Reliability of the Persian Version Test of Mobile Phone Dependency (TMD)
Objective: Despite the fact that the mobile phone has become a pervasive technology of our time, little research has been done on mobile dependency. A valid and reliable assessment instrument corresponding to the Persian culture is essential. This study aimed to describe the constructio...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Psychiatry & Psychology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4801496/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27006671 |
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author | Mohammadi, Mohammadreza Alavi, Seyyed Salman Farokhzad, Pegah Jannatifard, Fereshteh Mohammadi Kalhori, Soroush Sepahbodi, Ghazal Baba Reisi, Mohammad Sajedi, Sanaz Farshchi, Mojtaba Khoda Karami, Rasul Hatami Kasvaee, Vahid Sepasi, Neda Alavi, Samaneh Sadat |
author_facet | Mohammadi, Mohammadreza Alavi, Seyyed Salman Farokhzad, Pegah Jannatifard, Fereshteh Mohammadi Kalhori, Soroush Sepahbodi, Ghazal Baba Reisi, Mohammad Sajedi, Sanaz Farshchi, Mojtaba Khoda Karami, Rasul Hatami Kasvaee, Vahid Sepasi, Neda Alavi, Samaneh Sadat |
author_sort | Mohammadi, Mohammadreza |
collection | PubMed |
description | Objective: Despite the fact that the mobile phone has become a pervasive technology of our time, little research has been done on mobile dependency. A valid and reliable assessment instrument corresponding to the Persian culture is essential. This study aimed to describe the construction and validation of the Persian version of TMD (Test of Mobile phone Dependency) to assess the addictive use of mobile phone. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study, for which data were collected from 350 students who were studying at Tehran universities. Sampling method was quota sampling. The participants anonymously completed the demographic questionnaire, and CPDQ as a valid questionnaire and gold standard. Finally, clinical interview [based on DSM-IV-TR] was performed. To analyze the data, concurrent validity, factor analysis, internal consistency (Cronbachα), split half; test-retest and ROC Curve by SPSS18 Software were used. Results: As a result of the reliability analysis and factor analysis by principal component and Varimax rotation, three factors (“salient”, “preoccupation” and “Spend a lot of time and money”) for both male and female participants were extracted. Internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) of the TMD was .92 (Cronbach alpha of the factors is .88, .82, and .84, respectively). The test-retest correlation of the TMD was .56.The best cut off point for this questionnaire (TMD) is 38. Conclusion: The TMD proved to have an acceptable internal consistency with adequate factor models to assess the extent of problems caused by the "misuse" of the mobile phone in the Iranian society. Therefore, it can be concluded that the Persian version of the test was reliable and valid; however, further analysis is needed. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4801496 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | Psychiatry & Psychology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-48014962016-03-22 The Validity and Reliability of the Persian Version Test of Mobile Phone Dependency (TMD) Mohammadi, Mohammadreza Alavi, Seyyed Salman Farokhzad, Pegah Jannatifard, Fereshteh Mohammadi Kalhori, Soroush Sepahbodi, Ghazal Baba Reisi, Mohammad Sajedi, Sanaz Farshchi, Mojtaba Khoda Karami, Rasul Hatami Kasvaee, Vahid Sepasi, Neda Alavi, Samaneh Sadat Iran J Psychiatry Original Article Objective: Despite the fact that the mobile phone has become a pervasive technology of our time, little research has been done on mobile dependency. A valid and reliable assessment instrument corresponding to the Persian culture is essential. This study aimed to describe the construction and validation of the Persian version of TMD (Test of Mobile phone Dependency) to assess the addictive use of mobile phone. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study, for which data were collected from 350 students who were studying at Tehran universities. Sampling method was quota sampling. The participants anonymously completed the demographic questionnaire, and CPDQ as a valid questionnaire and gold standard. Finally, clinical interview [based on DSM-IV-TR] was performed. To analyze the data, concurrent validity, factor analysis, internal consistency (Cronbachα), split half; test-retest and ROC Curve by SPSS18 Software were used. Results: As a result of the reliability analysis and factor analysis by principal component and Varimax rotation, three factors (“salient”, “preoccupation” and “Spend a lot of time and money”) for both male and female participants were extracted. Internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) of the TMD was .92 (Cronbach alpha of the factors is .88, .82, and .84, respectively). The test-retest correlation of the TMD was .56.The best cut off point for this questionnaire (TMD) is 38. Conclusion: The TMD proved to have an acceptable internal consistency with adequate factor models to assess the extent of problems caused by the "misuse" of the mobile phone in the Iranian society. Therefore, it can be concluded that the Persian version of the test was reliable and valid; however, further analysis is needed. Psychiatry & Psychology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences 2015-09 /pmc/articles/PMC4801496/ /pubmed/27006671 Text en Copyright © Psychiatry & Psychology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Original Article Mohammadi, Mohammadreza Alavi, Seyyed Salman Farokhzad, Pegah Jannatifard, Fereshteh Mohammadi Kalhori, Soroush Sepahbodi, Ghazal Baba Reisi, Mohammad Sajedi, Sanaz Farshchi, Mojtaba Khoda Karami, Rasul Hatami Kasvaee, Vahid Sepasi, Neda Alavi, Samaneh Sadat The Validity and Reliability of the Persian Version Test of Mobile Phone Dependency (TMD) |
title | The Validity and Reliability of the Persian Version Test of Mobile Phone Dependency (TMD) |
title_full | The Validity and Reliability of the Persian Version Test of Mobile Phone Dependency (TMD) |
title_fullStr | The Validity and Reliability of the Persian Version Test of Mobile Phone Dependency (TMD) |
title_full_unstemmed | The Validity and Reliability of the Persian Version Test of Mobile Phone Dependency (TMD) |
title_short | The Validity and Reliability of the Persian Version Test of Mobile Phone Dependency (TMD) |
title_sort | validity and reliability of the persian version test of mobile phone dependency (tmd) |
topic | Original Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4801496/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27006671 |
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