AB249. 15-oxospiramilactone reverses multidrug resistance in the Human Renal Cell Carcinoma by targeting ABCB1 through Inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling

BACKGROUND: Multidrug resistance (MDR) is the main barrier to the success of chemotherapy for Human Renal Cell Carcinoma. P-glycoprotein ABCB1 plays a major role in MDR of malignant cells and is regulated by various transcription factors, including Wnt/β-catenin /TCF4. We previously reported 15-oxospiramilactone was a new Wnt molecule inhibiter. In this study, ABCB1 was found to be significantly down regulated in A498 and ACHN cells by using 15-oxospiramilactone, suggesting an important role for the Wnt/b-catenin/TCF4 signaling pathway in cancer drug resistance. METHODS: Here we demonstrated thatin the renal cancer cell lines A498and ACHN, the level of ABCB1 expression and function correlate with nuclear TCF7L2-luciferase reporter gene activity (A498>ACHN). We constructed TCF7L2 interference vector withLV-TCF7L2-GFPplasmid reduced the expression of TCF7L2 by shRNA-mediated partial depletion.15-oxospiramilactone was treated ACHN, A498 andTCF7L2 knock down RCC cell lines. Carcinogenesis and tumor development measured by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and clonogenic survival assays. The efflux function of P glycoprotein was assayed by ABCB1 efflux assay. Protein and mRNA expression were assayed by western blotting and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). The association between ABCB1 and TCF7L2 was assayed by luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS: 15-oxospiramilactone could cooperate with toxicity to suppress RCC cell lines proliferation while had no significant effect in shTCF7L2 groups. 15-oxospiramilactone could inhibit the efflux function of P glycoprotein and had no obvious effect in shTCF7L2 groups either. The association between ABCB1 and TCF7L2 was ensured by luciferase reporter assay. Protein and mRNA of ABCB1, TCF4 andβ-catenin expression were significant down regulated while MRP1 had no obvious change in 15-oxospiramilactone treated group, however, 15-oxospiramilactonehad no obvious effect in shTCF7L2 groups in RCC cell lines. Xenograft assay was used to examine the effect of 15-oxospiramilactone on renal cancer cell proliferation in vivo. CONCLUSION: 15-oxospiramilactone could down regulate ABCB1 expression through inhibiting the combination betweenβ- catenin and TCF4. Collectively, these results suggested that 15-oxospiramilactone could serve as a potential compound for reverses multidrug resistance in renal cell carcinoma.