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Human Type 1 Diabetes Is Characterized by an Early, Marked, Sustained, and Islet-Selective Loss of Sympathetic Nerves
In humans, the glucagon response to moderate-to-marked insulin-induced hypoglycemia (IIH) is largely mediated by the autonomic nervous system. Because this glucagon response is impaired early in type 1 diabetes, we sought to determine if these patients, like animal models of autoimmune diabetes, hav...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
American Diabetes Association
2016
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4955989/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27207540 http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db16-0284 |
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author | Mundinger, Thomas O. Mei, Qi Foulis, Alan K. Fligner, Corinne L. Hull, Rebecca L. Taborsky, Gerald J. |
author_facet | Mundinger, Thomas O. Mei, Qi Foulis, Alan K. Fligner, Corinne L. Hull, Rebecca L. Taborsky, Gerald J. |
author_sort | Mundinger, Thomas O. |
collection | PubMed |
description | In humans, the glucagon response to moderate-to-marked insulin-induced hypoglycemia (IIH) is largely mediated by the autonomic nervous system. Because this glucagon response is impaired early in type 1 diabetes, we sought to determine if these patients, like animal models of autoimmune diabetes, have an early and severe loss of islet sympathetic nerves. We also tested whether this nerve loss is a permanent feature of type 1 diabetes, is islet-selective, and is not seen in type 2 diabetes. To do so, we quantified pancreatic islet and exocrine sympathetic nerve fiber area from autopsy samples of patients with type 1 or 2 diabetes and control subjects without diabetes. Our central finding is that patients with either very recent onset (<2 weeks) or long duration (>10 years) of type 1 diabetes have a severe loss of islet sympathetic nerves (Δ = −88% and Δ = −79%, respectively). In contrast, patients with type 2 diabetes lose no islet sympathetic nerves. There is no loss of exocrine sympathetic nerves in either type 1 or type 2 diabetes. We conclude that patients with type 1, but not type 2, diabetes have an early, marked, sustained, and islet-selective loss of sympathetic nerves, one that may impair their glucagon response to IIH. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4955989 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | American Diabetes Association |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-49559892017-08-01 Human Type 1 Diabetes Is Characterized by an Early, Marked, Sustained, and Islet-Selective Loss of Sympathetic Nerves Mundinger, Thomas O. Mei, Qi Foulis, Alan K. Fligner, Corinne L. Hull, Rebecca L. Taborsky, Gerald J. Diabetes Islet Studies In humans, the glucagon response to moderate-to-marked insulin-induced hypoglycemia (IIH) is largely mediated by the autonomic nervous system. Because this glucagon response is impaired early in type 1 diabetes, we sought to determine if these patients, like animal models of autoimmune diabetes, have an early and severe loss of islet sympathetic nerves. We also tested whether this nerve loss is a permanent feature of type 1 diabetes, is islet-selective, and is not seen in type 2 diabetes. To do so, we quantified pancreatic islet and exocrine sympathetic nerve fiber area from autopsy samples of patients with type 1 or 2 diabetes and control subjects without diabetes. Our central finding is that patients with either very recent onset (<2 weeks) or long duration (>10 years) of type 1 diabetes have a severe loss of islet sympathetic nerves (Δ = −88% and Δ = −79%, respectively). In contrast, patients with type 2 diabetes lose no islet sympathetic nerves. There is no loss of exocrine sympathetic nerves in either type 1 or type 2 diabetes. We conclude that patients with type 1, but not type 2, diabetes have an early, marked, sustained, and islet-selective loss of sympathetic nerves, one that may impair their glucagon response to IIH. American Diabetes Association 2016-08 2016-05-13 /pmc/articles/PMC4955989/ /pubmed/27207540 http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db16-0284 Text en © 2016 by the American Diabetes Association. Readers may use this article as long as the work is properly cited, the use is educational and not for profit, and the work is not altered. |
spellingShingle | Islet Studies Mundinger, Thomas O. Mei, Qi Foulis, Alan K. Fligner, Corinne L. Hull, Rebecca L. Taborsky, Gerald J. Human Type 1 Diabetes Is Characterized by an Early, Marked, Sustained, and Islet-Selective Loss of Sympathetic Nerves |
title | Human Type 1 Diabetes Is Characterized by an Early, Marked, Sustained, and Islet-Selective Loss of Sympathetic Nerves |
title_full | Human Type 1 Diabetes Is Characterized by an Early, Marked, Sustained, and Islet-Selective Loss of Sympathetic Nerves |
title_fullStr | Human Type 1 Diabetes Is Characterized by an Early, Marked, Sustained, and Islet-Selective Loss of Sympathetic Nerves |
title_full_unstemmed | Human Type 1 Diabetes Is Characterized by an Early, Marked, Sustained, and Islet-Selective Loss of Sympathetic Nerves |
title_short | Human Type 1 Diabetes Is Characterized by an Early, Marked, Sustained, and Islet-Selective Loss of Sympathetic Nerves |
title_sort | human type 1 diabetes is characterized by an early, marked, sustained, and islet-selective loss of sympathetic nerves |
topic | Islet Studies |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4955989/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27207540 http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db16-0284 |
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