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Built-in microscale electrostatic fields induced by anatase–rutile-phase transition in selective areas promote osteogenesis
Bone has a built-in electric field because of the presence of piezoelectric collagen. To date, only externally applied electric fields have been used to direct cell behavior; however, these fields are not safe or practical for in vivo use. In this work, for the first time, we use a periodic microsca...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
2016
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5091659/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27818718 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/am.2016.9 |