Cargando…

Prevalence and Characterization of Self-Reported Gluten Sensitivity in The Netherlands

Background: A growing number of individuals reports symptoms related to the ingestion of gluten-containing food in the absence of celiac disease. Yet the actual prevalence is not well established. Methods: Between April 2015 and March 2016, unselected adults visiting marketplaces, dental practices a...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: van Gils, Tom, Nijeboer, Petula, IJssennagger, Catharina E., Sanders, David S., Mulder, Chris J. J., Bouma, Gerd
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5133100/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27834802
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu8110714
_version_ 1782471209567387648
author van Gils, Tom
Nijeboer, Petula
IJssennagger, Catharina E.
Sanders, David S.
Mulder, Chris J. J.
Bouma, Gerd
author_facet van Gils, Tom
Nijeboer, Petula
IJssennagger, Catharina E.
Sanders, David S.
Mulder, Chris J. J.
Bouma, Gerd
author_sort van Gils, Tom
collection PubMed
description Background: A growing number of individuals reports symptoms related to the ingestion of gluten-containing food in the absence of celiac disease. Yet the actual prevalence is not well established. Methods: Between April 2015 and March 2016, unselected adults visiting marketplaces, dental practices and a university in The Netherlands were asked to complete a modified validated questionnaire for self-reported gluten sensitivity (srGS). Results: Among the 785 adults enquired, two had celiac disease. Forty-nine (6.2%) reported symptoms related to the ingestion of gluten-containing food. These individuals were younger, predominantly female and lived more frequently in urban regions compared with the other respondents. Symptoms reported included bloating (74%), abdominal discomfort (49%) and flatulence (47%). A total of 23 (47%) srGS individuals reported having had tried a gluten-free or gluten-restricted diet. Abdominal discomfort related to fermentable oligosaccharide, disaccharide, monosaccharide and polyol (FODMAP)-containing food was more often reported in srGS individuals compared with the other respondents (73.5% vs. 21.7%, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Self-reported GS is common in The Netherlands, especially in younger individuals, females and urban regions, although the prevalence was lower than in a comparable recent UK study. It cannot be excluded that FODMAPs are in part responsible for these symptoms.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-5133100
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2016
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-51331002016-12-11 Prevalence and Characterization of Self-Reported Gluten Sensitivity in The Netherlands van Gils, Tom Nijeboer, Petula IJssennagger, Catharina E. Sanders, David S. Mulder, Chris J. J. Bouma, Gerd Nutrients Article Background: A growing number of individuals reports symptoms related to the ingestion of gluten-containing food in the absence of celiac disease. Yet the actual prevalence is not well established. Methods: Between April 2015 and March 2016, unselected adults visiting marketplaces, dental practices and a university in The Netherlands were asked to complete a modified validated questionnaire for self-reported gluten sensitivity (srGS). Results: Among the 785 adults enquired, two had celiac disease. Forty-nine (6.2%) reported symptoms related to the ingestion of gluten-containing food. These individuals were younger, predominantly female and lived more frequently in urban regions compared with the other respondents. Symptoms reported included bloating (74%), abdominal discomfort (49%) and flatulence (47%). A total of 23 (47%) srGS individuals reported having had tried a gluten-free or gluten-restricted diet. Abdominal discomfort related to fermentable oligosaccharide, disaccharide, monosaccharide and polyol (FODMAP)-containing food was more often reported in srGS individuals compared with the other respondents (73.5% vs. 21.7%, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Self-reported GS is common in The Netherlands, especially in younger individuals, females and urban regions, although the prevalence was lower than in a comparable recent UK study. It cannot be excluded that FODMAPs are in part responsible for these symptoms. MDPI 2016-11-08 /pmc/articles/PMC5133100/ /pubmed/27834802 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu8110714 Text en © 2016 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
van Gils, Tom
Nijeboer, Petula
IJssennagger, Catharina E.
Sanders, David S.
Mulder, Chris J. J.
Bouma, Gerd
Prevalence and Characterization of Self-Reported Gluten Sensitivity in The Netherlands
title Prevalence and Characterization of Self-Reported Gluten Sensitivity in The Netherlands
title_full Prevalence and Characterization of Self-Reported Gluten Sensitivity in The Netherlands
title_fullStr Prevalence and Characterization of Self-Reported Gluten Sensitivity in The Netherlands
title_full_unstemmed Prevalence and Characterization of Self-Reported Gluten Sensitivity in The Netherlands
title_short Prevalence and Characterization of Self-Reported Gluten Sensitivity in The Netherlands
title_sort prevalence and characterization of self-reported gluten sensitivity in the netherlands
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5133100/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27834802
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu8110714
work_keys_str_mv AT vangilstom prevalenceandcharacterizationofselfreportedglutensensitivityinthenetherlands
AT nijeboerpetula prevalenceandcharacterizationofselfreportedglutensensitivityinthenetherlands
AT ijssennaggercatharinae prevalenceandcharacterizationofselfreportedglutensensitivityinthenetherlands
AT sandersdavids prevalenceandcharacterizationofselfreportedglutensensitivityinthenetherlands
AT mulderchrisjj prevalenceandcharacterizationofselfreportedglutensensitivityinthenetherlands
AT boumagerd prevalenceandcharacterizationofselfreportedglutensensitivityinthenetherlands