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Prevalence and Characterization of Self-Reported Gluten Sensitivity in The Netherlands
Background: A growing number of individuals reports symptoms related to the ingestion of gluten-containing food in the absence of celiac disease. Yet the actual prevalence is not well established. Methods: Between April 2015 and March 2016, unselected adults visiting marketplaces, dental practices a...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2016
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5133100/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27834802 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu8110714 |
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author | van Gils, Tom Nijeboer, Petula IJssennagger, Catharina E. Sanders, David S. Mulder, Chris J. J. Bouma, Gerd |
author_facet | van Gils, Tom Nijeboer, Petula IJssennagger, Catharina E. Sanders, David S. Mulder, Chris J. J. Bouma, Gerd |
author_sort | van Gils, Tom |
collection | PubMed |
description | Background: A growing number of individuals reports symptoms related to the ingestion of gluten-containing food in the absence of celiac disease. Yet the actual prevalence is not well established. Methods: Between April 2015 and March 2016, unselected adults visiting marketplaces, dental practices and a university in The Netherlands were asked to complete a modified validated questionnaire for self-reported gluten sensitivity (srGS). Results: Among the 785 adults enquired, two had celiac disease. Forty-nine (6.2%) reported symptoms related to the ingestion of gluten-containing food. These individuals were younger, predominantly female and lived more frequently in urban regions compared with the other respondents. Symptoms reported included bloating (74%), abdominal discomfort (49%) and flatulence (47%). A total of 23 (47%) srGS individuals reported having had tried a gluten-free or gluten-restricted diet. Abdominal discomfort related to fermentable oligosaccharide, disaccharide, monosaccharide and polyol (FODMAP)-containing food was more often reported in srGS individuals compared with the other respondents (73.5% vs. 21.7%, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Self-reported GS is common in The Netherlands, especially in younger individuals, females and urban regions, although the prevalence was lower than in a comparable recent UK study. It cannot be excluded that FODMAPs are in part responsible for these symptoms. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5133100 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-51331002016-12-11 Prevalence and Characterization of Self-Reported Gluten Sensitivity in The Netherlands van Gils, Tom Nijeboer, Petula IJssennagger, Catharina E. Sanders, David S. Mulder, Chris J. J. Bouma, Gerd Nutrients Article Background: A growing number of individuals reports symptoms related to the ingestion of gluten-containing food in the absence of celiac disease. Yet the actual prevalence is not well established. Methods: Between April 2015 and March 2016, unselected adults visiting marketplaces, dental practices and a university in The Netherlands were asked to complete a modified validated questionnaire for self-reported gluten sensitivity (srGS). Results: Among the 785 adults enquired, two had celiac disease. Forty-nine (6.2%) reported symptoms related to the ingestion of gluten-containing food. These individuals were younger, predominantly female and lived more frequently in urban regions compared with the other respondents. Symptoms reported included bloating (74%), abdominal discomfort (49%) and flatulence (47%). A total of 23 (47%) srGS individuals reported having had tried a gluten-free or gluten-restricted diet. Abdominal discomfort related to fermentable oligosaccharide, disaccharide, monosaccharide and polyol (FODMAP)-containing food was more often reported in srGS individuals compared with the other respondents (73.5% vs. 21.7%, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Self-reported GS is common in The Netherlands, especially in younger individuals, females and urban regions, although the prevalence was lower than in a comparable recent UK study. It cannot be excluded that FODMAPs are in part responsible for these symptoms. MDPI 2016-11-08 /pmc/articles/PMC5133100/ /pubmed/27834802 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu8110714 Text en © 2016 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article van Gils, Tom Nijeboer, Petula IJssennagger, Catharina E. Sanders, David S. Mulder, Chris J. J. Bouma, Gerd Prevalence and Characterization of Self-Reported Gluten Sensitivity in The Netherlands |
title | Prevalence and Characterization of Self-Reported Gluten Sensitivity in The Netherlands |
title_full | Prevalence and Characterization of Self-Reported Gluten Sensitivity in The Netherlands |
title_fullStr | Prevalence and Characterization of Self-Reported Gluten Sensitivity in The Netherlands |
title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence and Characterization of Self-Reported Gluten Sensitivity in The Netherlands |
title_short | Prevalence and Characterization of Self-Reported Gluten Sensitivity in The Netherlands |
title_sort | prevalence and characterization of self-reported gluten sensitivity in the netherlands |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5133100/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27834802 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu8110714 |
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