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The impact of students and curriculum on self-study during clinical training in medical school: a multilevel approach

BACKGROUND: In higher education, the focus has shifted from the acquisition of knowledge to learning objectives and skills. This means that, the majority of student learning time is spent independently working outside the classroom. Students take an active role in setting goals, deciding how to achi...

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Autores principales: Barbosa, J., Silva, A., Ferreira, M. A., Severo, M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5237242/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28086868
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12909-016-0846-3
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author Barbosa, J.
Silva, A.
Ferreira, M. A.
Severo, M.
author_facet Barbosa, J.
Silva, A.
Ferreira, M. A.
Severo, M.
author_sort Barbosa, J.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: In higher education, the focus has shifted from the acquisition of knowledge to learning objectives and skills. This means that, the majority of student learning time is spent independently working outside the classroom. Students take an active role in setting goals, deciding how to achieve them, and planning individual study time. Although extensive research has recognized the importance of curriculum and students’ characteristics in time devoted to self-study, it is still unclear to what extent these variables affect time to study. Due to the growing reliance on self-directed learning in medical education, and in an attempt to elucidate this issue, this research aims to evaluate self-study time during clinical training and assess whether this is more influenced by the student or the curriculum. METHODS: A questionnaire was given to 1220 medical students (43.3% of the enrolled students). The students were asked to indicate the average number of study hours per week beyond the time allocated to classes for each clerkship (rotation) attended. Variation and generalizability of students’ self-study were estimated using linear mixed models. RESULTS: Findings showed that the intrinsic differences within students were a greater source of variation in self-study time than differences within clerkships (56.0% vs. 6.9%). If the amount of self-study dedicated to an individual clerkship is to be determined, at least 32 students are needed to achieve acceptable reliability. However, this data with two clerkships per student can used to retrospectively measure the self-study reported by students in clinical training. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that, both, curriculum and student characteristics influence self-study in undergraduate clinical training. Indeed, students’ characteristics play a significant role in time devoted to study. Further research should be undertaken to investigate students’ characteristics that may predict self-study during undergraduate medical training.
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spelling pubmed-52372422017-01-18 The impact of students and curriculum on self-study during clinical training in medical school: a multilevel approach Barbosa, J. Silva, A. Ferreira, M. A. Severo, M. BMC Med Educ Research Article BACKGROUND: In higher education, the focus has shifted from the acquisition of knowledge to learning objectives and skills. This means that, the majority of student learning time is spent independently working outside the classroom. Students take an active role in setting goals, deciding how to achieve them, and planning individual study time. Although extensive research has recognized the importance of curriculum and students’ characteristics in time devoted to self-study, it is still unclear to what extent these variables affect time to study. Due to the growing reliance on self-directed learning in medical education, and in an attempt to elucidate this issue, this research aims to evaluate self-study time during clinical training and assess whether this is more influenced by the student or the curriculum. METHODS: A questionnaire was given to 1220 medical students (43.3% of the enrolled students). The students were asked to indicate the average number of study hours per week beyond the time allocated to classes for each clerkship (rotation) attended. Variation and generalizability of students’ self-study were estimated using linear mixed models. RESULTS: Findings showed that the intrinsic differences within students were a greater source of variation in self-study time than differences within clerkships (56.0% vs. 6.9%). If the amount of self-study dedicated to an individual clerkship is to be determined, at least 32 students are needed to achieve acceptable reliability. However, this data with two clerkships per student can used to retrospectively measure the self-study reported by students in clinical training. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that, both, curriculum and student characteristics influence self-study in undergraduate clinical training. Indeed, students’ characteristics play a significant role in time devoted to study. Further research should be undertaken to investigate students’ characteristics that may predict self-study during undergraduate medical training. BioMed Central 2017-01-13 /pmc/articles/PMC5237242/ /pubmed/28086868 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12909-016-0846-3 Text en © The Author(s). 2017 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research Article
Barbosa, J.
Silva, A.
Ferreira, M. A.
Severo, M.
The impact of students and curriculum on self-study during clinical training in medical school: a multilevel approach
title The impact of students and curriculum on self-study during clinical training in medical school: a multilevel approach
title_full The impact of students and curriculum on self-study during clinical training in medical school: a multilevel approach
title_fullStr The impact of students and curriculum on self-study during clinical training in medical school: a multilevel approach
title_full_unstemmed The impact of students and curriculum on self-study during clinical training in medical school: a multilevel approach
title_short The impact of students and curriculum on self-study during clinical training in medical school: a multilevel approach
title_sort impact of students and curriculum on self-study during clinical training in medical school: a multilevel approach
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5237242/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28086868
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12909-016-0846-3
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