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Associations of Dietary Glucose, Fructose, and Sucrose with β-Cell Function, Insulin Sensitivity, and Type 2 Diabetes in the Maastricht Study

The associations of glucose, fructose, and sucrose intake with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have been inconsistent. Furthermore, there is a lack of studies focusing on early markers of T2DM that provide insight into the process of T2DM progression: impaired pancreatic β-cell function (BCF) and in...

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Autores principales: den Biggelaar, Louise J. C. J., Eussen, Simone J. P. M., Sep, Simone J. S., Mari, Andrea, Ferrannini, Ele, van Dongen, Martien C. J. M., Denissen, Karlijn F. M., Wijckmans, Nicole E. G., Schram, Miranda T., van der Kallen, Carla J., Koster, Annemarie, Schaper, Nicolaas, Henry, Ronald M. A., Stehouwer, Coen D. A., Dagnelie, Pieter C.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5409719/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28406435
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu9040380
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author den Biggelaar, Louise J. C. J.
Eussen, Simone J. P. M.
Sep, Simone J. S.
Mari, Andrea
Ferrannini, Ele
van Dongen, Martien C. J. M.
Denissen, Karlijn F. M.
Wijckmans, Nicole E. G.
Schram, Miranda T.
van der Kallen, Carla J.
Koster, Annemarie
Schaper, Nicolaas
Henry, Ronald M. A.
Stehouwer, Coen D. A.
Dagnelie, Pieter C.
author_facet den Biggelaar, Louise J. C. J.
Eussen, Simone J. P. M.
Sep, Simone J. S.
Mari, Andrea
Ferrannini, Ele
van Dongen, Martien C. J. M.
Denissen, Karlijn F. M.
Wijckmans, Nicole E. G.
Schram, Miranda T.
van der Kallen, Carla J.
Koster, Annemarie
Schaper, Nicolaas
Henry, Ronald M. A.
Stehouwer, Coen D. A.
Dagnelie, Pieter C.
author_sort den Biggelaar, Louise J. C. J.
collection PubMed
description The associations of glucose, fructose, and sucrose intake with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have been inconsistent. Furthermore, there is a lack of studies focusing on early markers of T2DM that provide insight into the process of T2DM progression: impaired pancreatic β-cell function (BCF) and insulin sensitivity. This study evaluated associations cross-sectionally in a population-based cohort consisting of 2818 individuals (mean ± SD age 59.7 ± 8.18, 49.5% male, n = 120 newly diagnosed T2DM). Glucose, fructose, and sucrose intake were assessed by a food frequency questionnaire. Glucose metabolism status, insulin sensitivity, and BCF were measured by a seven-points oral glucose tolerance test. Linear regression analysis revealed a positive association of glucose intake with insulin sensitivity in the fully adjusted model (standardized beta (95% CI) 0.07 (0.05, 0.14) SD for ≥23 g vs. <10 g of glucose). Fructose and sucrose intake were not associated with insulin sensitivity after full adjustments. In addition, no associations of dietary glucose, fructose, and sucrose with BCF were detected. In conclusion, higher intake of glucose, not fructose and sucrose, was associated with higher insulin sensitivity, independent of dietary fibre. No convincing evidence was found for associations of dietary glucose, fructose, and sucrose with BCF in this middle-aged population.
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spelling pubmed-54097192017-05-03 Associations of Dietary Glucose, Fructose, and Sucrose with β-Cell Function, Insulin Sensitivity, and Type 2 Diabetes in the Maastricht Study den Biggelaar, Louise J. C. J. Eussen, Simone J. P. M. Sep, Simone J. S. Mari, Andrea Ferrannini, Ele van Dongen, Martien C. J. M. Denissen, Karlijn F. M. Wijckmans, Nicole E. G. Schram, Miranda T. van der Kallen, Carla J. Koster, Annemarie Schaper, Nicolaas Henry, Ronald M. A. Stehouwer, Coen D. A. Dagnelie, Pieter C. Nutrients Article The associations of glucose, fructose, and sucrose intake with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have been inconsistent. Furthermore, there is a lack of studies focusing on early markers of T2DM that provide insight into the process of T2DM progression: impaired pancreatic β-cell function (BCF) and insulin sensitivity. This study evaluated associations cross-sectionally in a population-based cohort consisting of 2818 individuals (mean ± SD age 59.7 ± 8.18, 49.5% male, n = 120 newly diagnosed T2DM). Glucose, fructose, and sucrose intake were assessed by a food frequency questionnaire. Glucose metabolism status, insulin sensitivity, and BCF were measured by a seven-points oral glucose tolerance test. Linear regression analysis revealed a positive association of glucose intake with insulin sensitivity in the fully adjusted model (standardized beta (95% CI) 0.07 (0.05, 0.14) SD for ≥23 g vs. <10 g of glucose). Fructose and sucrose intake were not associated with insulin sensitivity after full adjustments. In addition, no associations of dietary glucose, fructose, and sucrose with BCF were detected. In conclusion, higher intake of glucose, not fructose and sucrose, was associated with higher insulin sensitivity, independent of dietary fibre. No convincing evidence was found for associations of dietary glucose, fructose, and sucrose with BCF in this middle-aged population. MDPI 2017-04-13 /pmc/articles/PMC5409719/ /pubmed/28406435 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu9040380 Text en © 2017 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
den Biggelaar, Louise J. C. J.
Eussen, Simone J. P. M.
Sep, Simone J. S.
Mari, Andrea
Ferrannini, Ele
van Dongen, Martien C. J. M.
Denissen, Karlijn F. M.
Wijckmans, Nicole E. G.
Schram, Miranda T.
van der Kallen, Carla J.
Koster, Annemarie
Schaper, Nicolaas
Henry, Ronald M. A.
Stehouwer, Coen D. A.
Dagnelie, Pieter C.
Associations of Dietary Glucose, Fructose, and Sucrose with β-Cell Function, Insulin Sensitivity, and Type 2 Diabetes in the Maastricht Study
title Associations of Dietary Glucose, Fructose, and Sucrose with β-Cell Function, Insulin Sensitivity, and Type 2 Diabetes in the Maastricht Study
title_full Associations of Dietary Glucose, Fructose, and Sucrose with β-Cell Function, Insulin Sensitivity, and Type 2 Diabetes in the Maastricht Study
title_fullStr Associations of Dietary Glucose, Fructose, and Sucrose with β-Cell Function, Insulin Sensitivity, and Type 2 Diabetes in the Maastricht Study
title_full_unstemmed Associations of Dietary Glucose, Fructose, and Sucrose with β-Cell Function, Insulin Sensitivity, and Type 2 Diabetes in the Maastricht Study
title_short Associations of Dietary Glucose, Fructose, and Sucrose with β-Cell Function, Insulin Sensitivity, and Type 2 Diabetes in the Maastricht Study
title_sort associations of dietary glucose, fructose, and sucrose with β-cell function, insulin sensitivity, and type 2 diabetes in the maastricht study
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5409719/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28406435
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu9040380
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