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Ecological Consequences of Shoreline Hardening: A Meta-Analysis

Protecting coastal communities has become increasingly important as their populations grow, resulting in increased demand for engineered shore protection and hardening of over 50% of many urban shorelines. Shoreline hardening is recognized to reduce ecosystem services that coastal populations rely o...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Gittman, Rachel K., Scyphers, Steven B., Smith, Carter S., Neylan, Isabelle P., Grabowski, Jonathan H.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5421310/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28533564
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biw091