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The Cohesin Release Factor WAPL Restricts Chromatin Loop Extension
The spatial organization of chromosomes influences many nuclear processes including gene expression. The cohesin complex shapes the 3D genome by looping together CTCF sites along chromosomes. We show here that chromatin loop size can be increased and that the duration with which cohesin embraces DNA...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Cell Press
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5422210/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28475897 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2017.04.013 |
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author | Haarhuis, Judith H.I. van der Weide, Robin H. Blomen, Vincent A. Yáñez-Cuna, J. Omar Amendola, Mario van Ruiten, Marjon S. Krijger, Peter H.L. Teunissen, Hans Medema, René H. van Steensel, Bas Brummelkamp, Thijn R. de Wit, Elzo Rowland, Benjamin D. |
author_facet | Haarhuis, Judith H.I. van der Weide, Robin H. Blomen, Vincent A. Yáñez-Cuna, J. Omar Amendola, Mario van Ruiten, Marjon S. Krijger, Peter H.L. Teunissen, Hans Medema, René H. van Steensel, Bas Brummelkamp, Thijn R. de Wit, Elzo Rowland, Benjamin D. |
author_sort | Haarhuis, Judith H.I. |
collection | PubMed |
description | The spatial organization of chromosomes influences many nuclear processes including gene expression. The cohesin complex shapes the 3D genome by looping together CTCF sites along chromosomes. We show here that chromatin loop size can be increased and that the duration with which cohesin embraces DNA determines the degree to which loops are enlarged. Cohesin’s DNA release factor WAPL restricts this loop extension and also prevents looping between incorrectly oriented CTCF sites. We reveal that the SCC2/SCC4 complex promotes the extension of chromatin loops and the formation of topologically associated domains (TADs). Our data support the model that cohesin structures chromosomes through the processive enlargement of loops and that TADs reflect polyclonal collections of loops in the making. Finally, we find that whereas cohesin promotes chromosomal looping, it rather limits nuclear compartmentalization. We conclude that the balanced activity of SCC2/SCC4 and WAPL enables cohesin to correctly structure chromosomes. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5422210 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | Cell Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-54222102017-05-15 The Cohesin Release Factor WAPL Restricts Chromatin Loop Extension Haarhuis, Judith H.I. van der Weide, Robin H. Blomen, Vincent A. Yáñez-Cuna, J. Omar Amendola, Mario van Ruiten, Marjon S. Krijger, Peter H.L. Teunissen, Hans Medema, René H. van Steensel, Bas Brummelkamp, Thijn R. de Wit, Elzo Rowland, Benjamin D. Cell Article The spatial organization of chromosomes influences many nuclear processes including gene expression. The cohesin complex shapes the 3D genome by looping together CTCF sites along chromosomes. We show here that chromatin loop size can be increased and that the duration with which cohesin embraces DNA determines the degree to which loops are enlarged. Cohesin’s DNA release factor WAPL restricts this loop extension and also prevents looping between incorrectly oriented CTCF sites. We reveal that the SCC2/SCC4 complex promotes the extension of chromatin loops and the formation of topologically associated domains (TADs). Our data support the model that cohesin structures chromosomes through the processive enlargement of loops and that TADs reflect polyclonal collections of loops in the making. Finally, we find that whereas cohesin promotes chromosomal looping, it rather limits nuclear compartmentalization. We conclude that the balanced activity of SCC2/SCC4 and WAPL enables cohesin to correctly structure chromosomes. Cell Press 2017-05-04 /pmc/articles/PMC5422210/ /pubmed/28475897 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2017.04.013 Text en © 2017 The Authors http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Haarhuis, Judith H.I. van der Weide, Robin H. Blomen, Vincent A. Yáñez-Cuna, J. Omar Amendola, Mario van Ruiten, Marjon S. Krijger, Peter H.L. Teunissen, Hans Medema, René H. van Steensel, Bas Brummelkamp, Thijn R. de Wit, Elzo Rowland, Benjamin D. The Cohesin Release Factor WAPL Restricts Chromatin Loop Extension |
title | The Cohesin Release Factor WAPL Restricts Chromatin Loop Extension |
title_full | The Cohesin Release Factor WAPL Restricts Chromatin Loop Extension |
title_fullStr | The Cohesin Release Factor WAPL Restricts Chromatin Loop Extension |
title_full_unstemmed | The Cohesin Release Factor WAPL Restricts Chromatin Loop Extension |
title_short | The Cohesin Release Factor WAPL Restricts Chromatin Loop Extension |
title_sort | cohesin release factor wapl restricts chromatin loop extension |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5422210/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28475897 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2017.04.013 |
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