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The Role of APP in Structural Spine Plasticity

Amyloid precursor protein (APP) is a transmembrane protein highly expressed in neurons. The full-length protein has cell-adhesion and receptor-like properties, which play roles in synapse formation and stability. Furthermore, APP can be cleaved by several proteases into numerous fragments, many of w...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Montagna, Elena, Dorostkar, Mario M., Herms, Jochen
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5423954/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28539872
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2017.00136
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author Montagna, Elena
Dorostkar, Mario M.
Herms, Jochen
author_facet Montagna, Elena
Dorostkar, Mario M.
Herms, Jochen
author_sort Montagna, Elena
collection PubMed
description Amyloid precursor protein (APP) is a transmembrane protein highly expressed in neurons. The full-length protein has cell-adhesion and receptor-like properties, which play roles in synapse formation and stability. Furthermore, APP can be cleaved by several proteases into numerous fragments, many of which affect synaptic function and stability. This review article focuses on the mechanisms of APP in structural spine plasticity, which encompasses the morphological alterations at excitatory synapses. These occur as changes in the number and morphology of dendritic spines, which correspond to the postsynaptic compartment of excitatory synapses. Both overexpression and knockout (KO) of APP lead to impaired synaptic plasticity. Recent data also suggest a role of APP in the regulation of astrocytic D-serine homeostasis, which in turn regulates synaptic plasticity.
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spelling pubmed-54239542017-05-24 The Role of APP in Structural Spine Plasticity Montagna, Elena Dorostkar, Mario M. Herms, Jochen Front Mol Neurosci Neuroscience Amyloid precursor protein (APP) is a transmembrane protein highly expressed in neurons. The full-length protein has cell-adhesion and receptor-like properties, which play roles in synapse formation and stability. Furthermore, APP can be cleaved by several proteases into numerous fragments, many of which affect synaptic function and stability. This review article focuses on the mechanisms of APP in structural spine plasticity, which encompasses the morphological alterations at excitatory synapses. These occur as changes in the number and morphology of dendritic spines, which correspond to the postsynaptic compartment of excitatory synapses. Both overexpression and knockout (KO) of APP lead to impaired synaptic plasticity. Recent data also suggest a role of APP in the regulation of astrocytic D-serine homeostasis, which in turn regulates synaptic plasticity. Frontiers Media S.A. 2017-05-10 /pmc/articles/PMC5423954/ /pubmed/28539872 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2017.00136 Text en Copyright © 2017 Montagna, Dorostkar and Herms. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Neuroscience
Montagna, Elena
Dorostkar, Mario M.
Herms, Jochen
The Role of APP in Structural Spine Plasticity
title The Role of APP in Structural Spine Plasticity
title_full The Role of APP in Structural Spine Plasticity
title_fullStr The Role of APP in Structural Spine Plasticity
title_full_unstemmed The Role of APP in Structural Spine Plasticity
title_short The Role of APP in Structural Spine Plasticity
title_sort role of app in structural spine plasticity
topic Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5423954/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28539872
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2017.00136
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