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Hydroxytyrosol and Cytoprotection: A Projection for Clinical Interventions

Hydroxytyrosol (HT) ((3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)ethanol) is a polyphenol mainly present in extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) but also in red wine. It has a potent antioxidant effect related to hydrogen donation, and the ability to improve radical stability. The phenolic content of olive oil varies between 100...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Echeverría, Francisca, Ortiz, Macarena, Valenzuela, Rodrigo, Videla, Luis A.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5454843/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28452954
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms18050930
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author Echeverría, Francisca
Ortiz, Macarena
Valenzuela, Rodrigo
Videla, Luis A.
author_facet Echeverría, Francisca
Ortiz, Macarena
Valenzuela, Rodrigo
Videla, Luis A.
author_sort Echeverría, Francisca
collection PubMed
description Hydroxytyrosol (HT) ((3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)ethanol) is a polyphenol mainly present in extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) but also in red wine. It has a potent antioxidant effect related to hydrogen donation, and the ability to improve radical stability. The phenolic content of olive oil varies between 100 and 600 mg/kg, due to multiple factors (place of cultivation, climate, variety of the olive and level of ripening at the time of harvest), with HT and its derivatives providing half of that content. When consumed, EVOO’s phenolic compounds are hydrolyzed in the stomach and intestine, increasing levels of free HT which is then absorbed in the small intestine, forming phase II metabolites. It has been demonstrated that HT consumption is safe even at high doses, and that is not genotoxic or mutagenic in vitro. The beneficial effects of HT have been studied in humans, as well as cellular and animal models, mostly in relation to consumption of EVOO. Many properties, besides its antioxidant capacity, have been attributed to this polyphenol. The aim of this review was to assess the main properties of HT for human health with emphasis on those related to the possible prevention and/or treatment of non-communicable diseases.
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spelling pubmed-54548432017-06-08 Hydroxytyrosol and Cytoprotection: A Projection for Clinical Interventions Echeverría, Francisca Ortiz, Macarena Valenzuela, Rodrigo Videla, Luis A. Int J Mol Sci Review Hydroxytyrosol (HT) ((3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)ethanol) is a polyphenol mainly present in extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) but also in red wine. It has a potent antioxidant effect related to hydrogen donation, and the ability to improve radical stability. The phenolic content of olive oil varies between 100 and 600 mg/kg, due to multiple factors (place of cultivation, climate, variety of the olive and level of ripening at the time of harvest), with HT and its derivatives providing half of that content. When consumed, EVOO’s phenolic compounds are hydrolyzed in the stomach and intestine, increasing levels of free HT which is then absorbed in the small intestine, forming phase II metabolites. It has been demonstrated that HT consumption is safe even at high doses, and that is not genotoxic or mutagenic in vitro. The beneficial effects of HT have been studied in humans, as well as cellular and animal models, mostly in relation to consumption of EVOO. Many properties, besides its antioxidant capacity, have been attributed to this polyphenol. The aim of this review was to assess the main properties of HT for human health with emphasis on those related to the possible prevention and/or treatment of non-communicable diseases. MDPI 2017-04-28 /pmc/articles/PMC5454843/ /pubmed/28452954 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms18050930 Text en © 2017 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Echeverría, Francisca
Ortiz, Macarena
Valenzuela, Rodrigo
Videla, Luis A.
Hydroxytyrosol and Cytoprotection: A Projection for Clinical Interventions
title Hydroxytyrosol and Cytoprotection: A Projection for Clinical Interventions
title_full Hydroxytyrosol and Cytoprotection: A Projection for Clinical Interventions
title_fullStr Hydroxytyrosol and Cytoprotection: A Projection for Clinical Interventions
title_full_unstemmed Hydroxytyrosol and Cytoprotection: A Projection for Clinical Interventions
title_short Hydroxytyrosol and Cytoprotection: A Projection for Clinical Interventions
title_sort hydroxytyrosol and cytoprotection: a projection for clinical interventions
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5454843/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28452954
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms18050930
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