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Variation of sentinel lymphatic channels (SLCs) and sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) assessed by contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in breast cancer patients

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to assess the feasibility of detecting the variation of sentinel lymphatic channels (SLCs) and sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) in breast cancer patients using contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). METHODS: A total of 46 breast cancer patients were prospectively...

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Autores principales: Wang, Ying, Zhou, Wenbin, Li, Cuiying, Gong, Haiyan, Li, Chunlian, Yang, Nianzhao, Zha, Xiaoming, Chen, Lin, Xia, Tiansong, Liu, Xiaoan, Wang, Minghai, Ding, Qiang
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5504859/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28693494
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12957-017-1195-3
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author Wang, Ying
Zhou, Wenbin
Li, Cuiying
Gong, Haiyan
Li, Chunlian
Yang, Nianzhao
Zha, Xiaoming
Chen, Lin
Xia, Tiansong
Liu, Xiaoan
Wang, Minghai
Ding, Qiang
author_facet Wang, Ying
Zhou, Wenbin
Li, Cuiying
Gong, Haiyan
Li, Chunlian
Yang, Nianzhao
Zha, Xiaoming
Chen, Lin
Xia, Tiansong
Liu, Xiaoan
Wang, Minghai
Ding, Qiang
author_sort Wang, Ying
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to assess the feasibility of detecting the variation of sentinel lymphatic channels (SLCs) and sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) in breast cancer patients using contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). METHODS: A total of 46 breast cancer patients were prospectively recruited in the study. All the participants received intradermal and peritumoral injection of microbubbles as contrast agent, and SLCs and SLNs were assessed preoperatively. Blue dye was injected subareolarly and peritumorally during the surgery. The SLNs detected by CEUS and blue dye were sent to the pathology laboratory for histopathological analysis. RESULTS: At least one SLC and SLN were detected by CEUS in all 46 cases. Three types of SLCs were detected, including superficial sentinel lymphatic channels (SSLCs), penetrating sentinel lymphatic channels (PSLCs), and deep sentinel lymphatic channels (DSLCs). Five lymphatic drainage patterns (LDPs) were found, including SSLC, PSLC, SSLC + PSLC, SSLC + DSLC, and SSLC + PSLC + DSLC. Only SSLC was detected on CEUS in 24 cases; only PSLC was detected in 3 cases; both SSLC and PSLC were detected in 8 cases; both SSLC and DSLC were detected in 7 cases; SSLC, PSLC, and DSLC were all detected in the remaining 4 cases. An actual LDP was defined on the combination of CEUS and dissection of the specimen. The accuracy rate of CEUS was 43/46. Interestingly, a bifurcated SLC was found in 8 patients. In 3 patients, a discontinuous SLC and non-enhanced SLN were found by CEUS. Also, no dyed SLNs were detected during the surgery. The axillary lymph nodes turned out tumor involved histologically. CONCLUSION: CEUS is feasible to assess the variation of SLCs and SLNs preoperatively in breast cancer patients. SLNB is not suggested when a discontinuous SLC and non-enhanced SLN were detected by CEUS.
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spelling pubmed-55048592017-07-12 Variation of sentinel lymphatic channels (SLCs) and sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) assessed by contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in breast cancer patients Wang, Ying Zhou, Wenbin Li, Cuiying Gong, Haiyan Li, Chunlian Yang, Nianzhao Zha, Xiaoming Chen, Lin Xia, Tiansong Liu, Xiaoan Wang, Minghai Ding, Qiang World J Surg Oncol Research BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to assess the feasibility of detecting the variation of sentinel lymphatic channels (SLCs) and sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) in breast cancer patients using contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). METHODS: A total of 46 breast cancer patients were prospectively recruited in the study. All the participants received intradermal and peritumoral injection of microbubbles as contrast agent, and SLCs and SLNs were assessed preoperatively. Blue dye was injected subareolarly and peritumorally during the surgery. The SLNs detected by CEUS and blue dye were sent to the pathology laboratory for histopathological analysis. RESULTS: At least one SLC and SLN were detected by CEUS in all 46 cases. Three types of SLCs were detected, including superficial sentinel lymphatic channels (SSLCs), penetrating sentinel lymphatic channels (PSLCs), and deep sentinel lymphatic channels (DSLCs). Five lymphatic drainage patterns (LDPs) were found, including SSLC, PSLC, SSLC + PSLC, SSLC + DSLC, and SSLC + PSLC + DSLC. Only SSLC was detected on CEUS in 24 cases; only PSLC was detected in 3 cases; both SSLC and PSLC were detected in 8 cases; both SSLC and DSLC were detected in 7 cases; SSLC, PSLC, and DSLC were all detected in the remaining 4 cases. An actual LDP was defined on the combination of CEUS and dissection of the specimen. The accuracy rate of CEUS was 43/46. Interestingly, a bifurcated SLC was found in 8 patients. In 3 patients, a discontinuous SLC and non-enhanced SLN were found by CEUS. Also, no dyed SLNs were detected during the surgery. The axillary lymph nodes turned out tumor involved histologically. CONCLUSION: CEUS is feasible to assess the variation of SLCs and SLNs preoperatively in breast cancer patients. SLNB is not suggested when a discontinuous SLC and non-enhanced SLN were detected by CEUS. BioMed Central 2017-07-10 /pmc/articles/PMC5504859/ /pubmed/28693494 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12957-017-1195-3 Text en © The Author(s). 2017 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research
Wang, Ying
Zhou, Wenbin
Li, Cuiying
Gong, Haiyan
Li, Chunlian
Yang, Nianzhao
Zha, Xiaoming
Chen, Lin
Xia, Tiansong
Liu, Xiaoan
Wang, Minghai
Ding, Qiang
Variation of sentinel lymphatic channels (SLCs) and sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) assessed by contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in breast cancer patients
title Variation of sentinel lymphatic channels (SLCs) and sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) assessed by contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in breast cancer patients
title_full Variation of sentinel lymphatic channels (SLCs) and sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) assessed by contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in breast cancer patients
title_fullStr Variation of sentinel lymphatic channels (SLCs) and sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) assessed by contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in breast cancer patients
title_full_unstemmed Variation of sentinel lymphatic channels (SLCs) and sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) assessed by contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in breast cancer patients
title_short Variation of sentinel lymphatic channels (SLCs) and sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) assessed by contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in breast cancer patients
title_sort variation of sentinel lymphatic channels (slcs) and sentinel lymph nodes (slns) assessed by contrast-enhanced ultrasound (ceus) in breast cancer patients
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5504859/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28693494
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12957-017-1195-3
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