Vesicle Docking Is a Key Target of Local PI(4,5)P(2) Metabolism in the Secretory Pathway of INS-1 Cells

Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P(2)) signaling is transient and spatially confined in live cells. How this pattern of signaling regulates transmitter release and hormone secretion has not been addressed. We devised an optogenetic approach to control PI(4,5)P(2) levels in time and space in insulin-secreting cells. Combining this approach with total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy, we examined individual vesicle-trafficking steps. Unlike long-term PI(4,5)P(2) perturbations, rapid and cell-wide PI(4,5)P(2) reduction in the plasma membrane (PM) strongly inhibits secretion and intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) responses, but not sytaxin1a clustering. Interestingly, local PI(4,5)P(2) reduction selectively at vesicle docking sites causes remarkable vesicle undocking from the PM without affecting [Ca(2+)](i). These results highlight a key role of local PI(4,5)P(2) in vesicle tethering and docking, coordinated with its role in priming and fusion. Thus, different spatiotemporal PI(4,5)P(2) signaling regulates distinct steps of vesicle trafficking, and vesicle docking may be a key target of local PI(4,5)P(2) signaling in vivo.