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How to prevent the detrimental effects of two months of bed-rest on muscle, bone and cardiovascular system: an RCT

Physical inactivity leads to a deconditioning of the skeletal, neuromuscular and cardiovascular system. It can lead to impaired quality of life, loss of autonomy, falls and fractures. Regular exercise would be a logical remedy, but the generally recommended high-volume endurance and strength trainin...

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Autores principales: Kramer, Andreas, Gollhofer, Albert, Armbrecht, Gabriele, Felsenberg, Dieter, Gruber, Markus
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5640633/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29030644
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-13659-8
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author Kramer, Andreas
Gollhofer, Albert
Armbrecht, Gabriele
Felsenberg, Dieter
Gruber, Markus
author_facet Kramer, Andreas
Gollhofer, Albert
Armbrecht, Gabriele
Felsenberg, Dieter
Gruber, Markus
author_sort Kramer, Andreas
collection PubMed
description Physical inactivity leads to a deconditioning of the skeletal, neuromuscular and cardiovascular system. It can lead to impaired quality of life, loss of autonomy, falls and fractures. Regular exercise would be a logical remedy, but the generally recommended high-volume endurance and strength training programs require a lot of time and equipment. In this randomized controlled study with 23 healthy participants, we established that a short, intensive jump training program can prevent the large musculoskeletal and cardiovascular deconditioning effects caused by two months of physical inactivity during bed rest, particularly the loss of bone mineral mass and density, lean muscle mass, maximal leg strength and peak oxygen uptake. The jump training group showed no significant changes with respect to these indicators of musculoskeletal and cardiovascular health after 60 days of bed rest, whereas the control group exhibited substantial losses: up to −2.6% in tibial bone mineral content and density, −5% in leg lean mass, −40% in maximal knee extension torque and −29% in peak oxygen uptake. Consequently, we recommend jump training as a very time-efficient and effective type of exercise for astronauts on long-term space missions, the elderly and sedentary populations in general.
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spelling pubmed-56406332017-10-18 How to prevent the detrimental effects of two months of bed-rest on muscle, bone and cardiovascular system: an RCT Kramer, Andreas Gollhofer, Albert Armbrecht, Gabriele Felsenberg, Dieter Gruber, Markus Sci Rep Article Physical inactivity leads to a deconditioning of the skeletal, neuromuscular and cardiovascular system. It can lead to impaired quality of life, loss of autonomy, falls and fractures. Regular exercise would be a logical remedy, but the generally recommended high-volume endurance and strength training programs require a lot of time and equipment. In this randomized controlled study with 23 healthy participants, we established that a short, intensive jump training program can prevent the large musculoskeletal and cardiovascular deconditioning effects caused by two months of physical inactivity during bed rest, particularly the loss of bone mineral mass and density, lean muscle mass, maximal leg strength and peak oxygen uptake. The jump training group showed no significant changes with respect to these indicators of musculoskeletal and cardiovascular health after 60 days of bed rest, whereas the control group exhibited substantial losses: up to −2.6% in tibial bone mineral content and density, −5% in leg lean mass, −40% in maximal knee extension torque and −29% in peak oxygen uptake. Consequently, we recommend jump training as a very time-efficient and effective type of exercise for astronauts on long-term space missions, the elderly and sedentary populations in general. Nature Publishing Group UK 2017-10-13 /pmc/articles/PMC5640633/ /pubmed/29030644 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-13659-8 Text en © The Author(s) 2017 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
spellingShingle Article
Kramer, Andreas
Gollhofer, Albert
Armbrecht, Gabriele
Felsenberg, Dieter
Gruber, Markus
How to prevent the detrimental effects of two months of bed-rest on muscle, bone and cardiovascular system: an RCT
title How to prevent the detrimental effects of two months of bed-rest on muscle, bone and cardiovascular system: an RCT
title_full How to prevent the detrimental effects of two months of bed-rest on muscle, bone and cardiovascular system: an RCT
title_fullStr How to prevent the detrimental effects of two months of bed-rest on muscle, bone and cardiovascular system: an RCT
title_full_unstemmed How to prevent the detrimental effects of two months of bed-rest on muscle, bone and cardiovascular system: an RCT
title_short How to prevent the detrimental effects of two months of bed-rest on muscle, bone and cardiovascular system: an RCT
title_sort how to prevent the detrimental effects of two months of bed-rest on muscle, bone and cardiovascular system: an rct
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5640633/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29030644
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-13659-8
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