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UV-induced damage to DNA: effect of cytosine methylation on pyrimidine dimerization

Methylation/demethylation of cytosine plays an important role in epigenetic signaling, the reversibility of epigenetic modifications offering important opportunities for targeted therapies. Actually, methylated sites have been correlated with mutational hotspots detected in skin cancers. The present...

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Autores principales: Martinez-Fernandez, Lara, Banyasz, Akos, Esposito, Luciana, Markovitsi, Dimitra, Improta, Roberto
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5661629/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29263920
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sigtrans.2017.21
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author Martinez-Fernandez, Lara
Banyasz, Akos
Esposito, Luciana
Markovitsi, Dimitra
Improta, Roberto
author_facet Martinez-Fernandez, Lara
Banyasz, Akos
Esposito, Luciana
Markovitsi, Dimitra
Improta, Roberto
author_sort Martinez-Fernandez, Lara
collection PubMed
description Methylation/demethylation of cytosine plays an important role in epigenetic signaling, the reversibility of epigenetic modifications offering important opportunities for targeted therapies. Actually, methylated sites have been correlated with mutational hotspots detected in skin cancers. The present brief review discusses the physicochemical parameters underlying the specific ultraviolet-induced reactivity of methylated cytosine. It focuses on dimerization reactions giving rise to cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers and pyrimidine (6–4) pyrimidone adducts. According to recent studies, four conformational and electronic factors that are affected by cytosine methylation may control these reactions: the red-shift of the absorption spectrum, the lengthening of the excited state lifetime, changes in the sugar puckering modifying the stacking between reactive pyrimidines and an increase in the rigidity of duplexes favoring excitation energy transfer toward methylated pyrimidines.
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spelling pubmed-56616292017-12-20 UV-induced damage to DNA: effect of cytosine methylation on pyrimidine dimerization Martinez-Fernandez, Lara Banyasz, Akos Esposito, Luciana Markovitsi, Dimitra Improta, Roberto Signal Transduct Target Ther Perspective Methylation/demethylation of cytosine plays an important role in epigenetic signaling, the reversibility of epigenetic modifications offering important opportunities for targeted therapies. Actually, methylated sites have been correlated with mutational hotspots detected in skin cancers. The present brief review discusses the physicochemical parameters underlying the specific ultraviolet-induced reactivity of methylated cytosine. It focuses on dimerization reactions giving rise to cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers and pyrimidine (6–4) pyrimidone adducts. According to recent studies, four conformational and electronic factors that are affected by cytosine methylation may control these reactions: the red-shift of the absorption spectrum, the lengthening of the excited state lifetime, changes in the sugar puckering modifying the stacking between reactive pyrimidines and an increase in the rigidity of duplexes favoring excitation energy transfer toward methylated pyrimidines. Nature Publishing Group 2017-06-09 /pmc/articles/PMC5661629/ /pubmed/29263920 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sigtrans.2017.21 Text en Copyright © 2017 The Author(s) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
spellingShingle Perspective
Martinez-Fernandez, Lara
Banyasz, Akos
Esposito, Luciana
Markovitsi, Dimitra
Improta, Roberto
UV-induced damage to DNA: effect of cytosine methylation on pyrimidine dimerization
title UV-induced damage to DNA: effect of cytosine methylation on pyrimidine dimerization
title_full UV-induced damage to DNA: effect of cytosine methylation on pyrimidine dimerization
title_fullStr UV-induced damage to DNA: effect of cytosine methylation on pyrimidine dimerization
title_full_unstemmed UV-induced damage to DNA: effect of cytosine methylation on pyrimidine dimerization
title_short UV-induced damage to DNA: effect of cytosine methylation on pyrimidine dimerization
title_sort uv-induced damage to dna: effect of cytosine methylation on pyrimidine dimerization
topic Perspective
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5661629/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29263920
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sigtrans.2017.21
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