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Axonemal Lumen Dominates Cytosolic Protein Diffusion inside the Primary Cilium
Transport of membrane and cytosolic proteins in primary cilia is thought to depend on intraflagellar transport (IFT) and diffusion. However, the relative contribution and spatial routes of each transport mechanism are largely unknown. Although challenging to decipher, the details of these routes are...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5693955/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29150645 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-16103-z |
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author | Luo, Wangxi Ruba, Andrew Takao, Daisuke Zweifel, Ludovit P. Lim, Roderick Y. H. Verhey, Kristen J. Yang, Weidong |
author_facet | Luo, Wangxi Ruba, Andrew Takao, Daisuke Zweifel, Ludovit P. Lim, Roderick Y. H. Verhey, Kristen J. Yang, Weidong |
author_sort | Luo, Wangxi |
collection | PubMed |
description | Transport of membrane and cytosolic proteins in primary cilia is thought to depend on intraflagellar transport (IFT) and diffusion. However, the relative contribution and spatial routes of each transport mechanism are largely unknown. Although challenging to decipher, the details of these routes are essential for our understanding of protein transport in primary cilia, a critically affected process in many genetic diseases. By using a high-speed virtual 3D super-resolution microscopy, we have mapped the 3D spatial locations of transport routes for various cytosolic proteins in the 250-nm-wide shaft of live primary cilia with a spatiotemporal resolution of 2 ms and <16 nm. Our data reveal two spatially distinguishable transport routes for cytosolic proteins: an IFT-dependent path along the axoneme, and a passive-diffusion route in the axonemal lumen that escaped previous studies. While all cytosolic proteins tested primarily utilize the IFT path in the anterograde direction, differences are observed in the retrograde direction where IFT20 only utilizes IFT, and approximately half of KIF17 and one third of α–tubulin utilizes diffusion besides IFT. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5693955 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-56939552017-11-27 Axonemal Lumen Dominates Cytosolic Protein Diffusion inside the Primary Cilium Luo, Wangxi Ruba, Andrew Takao, Daisuke Zweifel, Ludovit P. Lim, Roderick Y. H. Verhey, Kristen J. Yang, Weidong Sci Rep Article Transport of membrane and cytosolic proteins in primary cilia is thought to depend on intraflagellar transport (IFT) and diffusion. However, the relative contribution and spatial routes of each transport mechanism are largely unknown. Although challenging to decipher, the details of these routes are essential for our understanding of protein transport in primary cilia, a critically affected process in many genetic diseases. By using a high-speed virtual 3D super-resolution microscopy, we have mapped the 3D spatial locations of transport routes for various cytosolic proteins in the 250-nm-wide shaft of live primary cilia with a spatiotemporal resolution of 2 ms and <16 nm. Our data reveal two spatially distinguishable transport routes for cytosolic proteins: an IFT-dependent path along the axoneme, and a passive-diffusion route in the axonemal lumen that escaped previous studies. While all cytosolic proteins tested primarily utilize the IFT path in the anterograde direction, differences are observed in the retrograde direction where IFT20 only utilizes IFT, and approximately half of KIF17 and one third of α–tubulin utilizes diffusion besides IFT. Nature Publishing Group UK 2017-11-17 /pmc/articles/PMC5693955/ /pubmed/29150645 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-16103-z Text en © The Author(s) 2017 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
spellingShingle | Article Luo, Wangxi Ruba, Andrew Takao, Daisuke Zweifel, Ludovit P. Lim, Roderick Y. H. Verhey, Kristen J. Yang, Weidong Axonemal Lumen Dominates Cytosolic Protein Diffusion inside the Primary Cilium |
title | Axonemal Lumen Dominates Cytosolic Protein Diffusion inside the Primary Cilium |
title_full | Axonemal Lumen Dominates Cytosolic Protein Diffusion inside the Primary Cilium |
title_fullStr | Axonemal Lumen Dominates Cytosolic Protein Diffusion inside the Primary Cilium |
title_full_unstemmed | Axonemal Lumen Dominates Cytosolic Protein Diffusion inside the Primary Cilium |
title_short | Axonemal Lumen Dominates Cytosolic Protein Diffusion inside the Primary Cilium |
title_sort | axonemal lumen dominates cytosolic protein diffusion inside the primary cilium |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5693955/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29150645 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-16103-z |
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