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Hypoxia Activates Src and Promotes Endocytosis Which Decreases MMP-2 Activity and Aggravates Renal Interstitial Fibrosis
The aggravation of renal interstitial fibrosis in the advanced-stage of chronic kidney disease is related to decreased matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) activity, which is induced by hypoxia in the kidney; however, the specific mechanism remains unclear. We previously demonstrated that inhibition o...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5855803/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29462885 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19020581 |
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author | Cheng, Zhengyuan Liu, Lei Wang, Zhi Cai, Yingying Xu, Qing Chen, Pingsheng |
author_facet | Cheng, Zhengyuan Liu, Lei Wang, Zhi Cai, Yingying Xu, Qing Chen, Pingsheng |
author_sort | Cheng, Zhengyuan |
collection | PubMed |
description | The aggravation of renal interstitial fibrosis in the advanced-stage of chronic kidney disease is related to decreased matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) activity, which is induced by hypoxia in the kidney; however, the specific mechanism remains unclear. We previously demonstrated that inhibition of Caveolin-1, a key gene involved in endocytosis, increased MMP-2 activity in hypoxic HK-2 cells. It has been reported that activated Src (phospho-Src Tyr416) is a key molecule in multiple fibrotic pathways. However, whether Src functions on the regulation of Caveolin-1 and MMP-2 activity in hypoxic HK-2 cells remains poorly understood. To explore the underlying mechanism, a rat model of renal interstitial fibrosis was established, then we observed obvious hypoxia in fibrotic kidney tissue and the protein levels of phospho-Src and Caveolin-1 increased, while MMP-2 activity decreased. Next, we treated HK-2 cells with the phospho-Src inhibitor PP1. Compared with normal cells grown in hypoxia, in cells treated with PP1, the protein levels of phospho-Src and Caveolin-1 decreased, as did the protein levels of the MMP-2-activity-regulated molecules RECK (reversion-inducing-cysteine-rich protein with kazal motifs) and TIMP-2 (tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2), while the protein level of MT1-MMP (membrane type 1-matrix metalloproteinase) increased and MMP-2 activity was enhanced. Therefore, hypoxia promotes the phosphorylation of Src and phospho-Src can enhance the endocytosis of HK-2 cells, which leads to decreased MMP-2 activity and aggravates renal interstitial fibrosis. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5855803 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-58558032018-03-20 Hypoxia Activates Src and Promotes Endocytosis Which Decreases MMP-2 Activity and Aggravates Renal Interstitial Fibrosis Cheng, Zhengyuan Liu, Lei Wang, Zhi Cai, Yingying Xu, Qing Chen, Pingsheng Int J Mol Sci Article The aggravation of renal interstitial fibrosis in the advanced-stage of chronic kidney disease is related to decreased matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) activity, which is induced by hypoxia in the kidney; however, the specific mechanism remains unclear. We previously demonstrated that inhibition of Caveolin-1, a key gene involved in endocytosis, increased MMP-2 activity in hypoxic HK-2 cells. It has been reported that activated Src (phospho-Src Tyr416) is a key molecule in multiple fibrotic pathways. However, whether Src functions on the regulation of Caveolin-1 and MMP-2 activity in hypoxic HK-2 cells remains poorly understood. To explore the underlying mechanism, a rat model of renal interstitial fibrosis was established, then we observed obvious hypoxia in fibrotic kidney tissue and the protein levels of phospho-Src and Caveolin-1 increased, while MMP-2 activity decreased. Next, we treated HK-2 cells with the phospho-Src inhibitor PP1. Compared with normal cells grown in hypoxia, in cells treated with PP1, the protein levels of phospho-Src and Caveolin-1 decreased, as did the protein levels of the MMP-2-activity-regulated molecules RECK (reversion-inducing-cysteine-rich protein with kazal motifs) and TIMP-2 (tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2), while the protein level of MT1-MMP (membrane type 1-matrix metalloproteinase) increased and MMP-2 activity was enhanced. Therefore, hypoxia promotes the phosphorylation of Src and phospho-Src can enhance the endocytosis of HK-2 cells, which leads to decreased MMP-2 activity and aggravates renal interstitial fibrosis. MDPI 2018-02-15 /pmc/articles/PMC5855803/ /pubmed/29462885 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19020581 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Cheng, Zhengyuan Liu, Lei Wang, Zhi Cai, Yingying Xu, Qing Chen, Pingsheng Hypoxia Activates Src and Promotes Endocytosis Which Decreases MMP-2 Activity and Aggravates Renal Interstitial Fibrosis |
title | Hypoxia Activates Src and Promotes Endocytosis Which Decreases MMP-2 Activity and Aggravates Renal Interstitial Fibrosis |
title_full | Hypoxia Activates Src and Promotes Endocytosis Which Decreases MMP-2 Activity and Aggravates Renal Interstitial Fibrosis |
title_fullStr | Hypoxia Activates Src and Promotes Endocytosis Which Decreases MMP-2 Activity and Aggravates Renal Interstitial Fibrosis |
title_full_unstemmed | Hypoxia Activates Src and Promotes Endocytosis Which Decreases MMP-2 Activity and Aggravates Renal Interstitial Fibrosis |
title_short | Hypoxia Activates Src and Promotes Endocytosis Which Decreases MMP-2 Activity and Aggravates Renal Interstitial Fibrosis |
title_sort | hypoxia activates src and promotes endocytosis which decreases mmp-2 activity and aggravates renal interstitial fibrosis |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5855803/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29462885 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19020581 |
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